the interaction of p-sulphonatocalix [6] arene towards l-arginine and l-lysine has been studied inacidic aqueous solution (p1-1 2) using uv-vis spectrophotometric titration technique. the psulphonatocalix[6] arene was found to be able to form 1:1 complexe with amino acids in water.the values of the association constant were determined at different temperatures to evaluate thethermodynamic funct...

the sorption and desorption behaviors of eu(iii) from aqueous solutions with cation exchange resins containing carboxyl groups (d155 resin) were studied in terms of varied eu(iii) concentration, adsorbent dosage, ph, contact time and temperature. batch shaking sorption experiments were carried out to evaluate the performance of d155 resin in the removal of eu(iii) from aqueous solutions. the lo...

2 Thermodynamics 4 2.1 The Foundations of Thermodynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2.2 Thermodynamic Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2.3 The Conditions for Equilibrium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 2.4 The Equations of State . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.5 Thermodynamic Processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 2.6 Ther...

Thermodynamic length is a metric distance between equilibrium thermodynamic states. Among other interesting properties, this metric asymptotically bounds the dissipation induced by a finite time transformation of a thermodynamic system. It is also connected to the Jensen-Shannon divergence, Fisher information, and Rao's entropy differential metric. Therefore, thermodynamic length is of central ...

The special composition question (SCQ), which asks under conditions objects compose a further object, establishes central debate in modern metaphysics. Recent successes of inductive metaphysics, studies the implications natural sciences for metaphysical problems, suggest that insights into SCQ can be gained by investigating physics composite systems. In this work, I show minus first law thermod...

Thermodynamic length is a path function that generalizes the notion of length to the surface of thermodynamic states. Here, we show how to measure thermodynamic length in far-from-equilibrium experiments using the work fluctuation relations. For these microscopic systems, it proves necessary to define the thermodynamic length in terms of the Fisher information. Consequently, the thermodynamic l...

It is often incorrectly assumed that the number of microstates Ω(E, V, N, ...) available to an isolated system can have arbitrary dependence on the extensive variables E, V, N, ... However, this is not the case for systems which can, in principle, reach thermodynamic equilibrium since restrictions arise from the underlying equilibrium statistical mechanic axioms of independence and a priori equ...