the activated sludge process is the most widely used biological wastewater treatment for both domestic and industrial plants in the world. one of the drawbacks of conventional activated sludge (cas) processes is high sludge production. excess sludge treatment and disposal currently represents a rising challenge for wastewater treatment plants (wwtps) due to economic, environmental and regulatio...

Article history: Received 25 July 2016 Received in revised form 19 September 2016 Accepted 30 October 2016 Available online xxxx Soluble microbial products (SMP) and extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) produced by photoautotrophic cyanobacteria become substrates for heterotrophic bacteria in photobioreactors (PBRs). Understanding the roles of SMP and EPS depends on reliable extraction and ...

The study is of the antinociceptive effects of tramadol on the thermal threshold response in eight cats using a thermal threshold-testing device which contained a heater element and a temperature sensor placed on the shaved lateral thoracic area. Each cat randomly received an intramuscular administration of tramadol 2 mg/kg, morphine 0.2 mg/kg and saline 0.04 ml/kg (placebo) at a weekly interva...

The thermal decomposition characteristics of microwave liquefied rape straw residues with respect to liquefaction condition and pyrolysis conversion were investigated using a thermogravimetric (TG) analyzer at the heating rates of 5, 20, 50 C min. The hemicellulose decomposition peak was absent at the derivative thermogravimetric analysis (DTG) curve of liquefied residues, because it had been d...

Sublethal heating, which can occur during slow cooking of meat products, is known to induce increased thermal resistance in Salmonella. However, very few studies have addressed the kinetics of this response. Although several recent studies have reported improved thermal inactivation models that include the effect of prior sublethal history on subsequent thermal resistance, none of these models ...

Molybdenum oxide (α-MoO)thin films were prepared on quartz and silicon substrates by thermal oxidation of Mo thin films deposited using DC magnetron sputtering method. The influence of thermal oxidation times ranging from 60-240 min on the structural and morphological properties of the preparedfilms was investigated using X-ray diffraction, Atomic force microscopy and Fourier transform infrared...

Exposure to CO2 at high concentration is a much debated stunning method in pigs. Pigs respond aversively to high concentrations of CO2, and there is uncertainty about what behaviors occur before and after loss of consciousness. The aim was to assess timing of unconsciousness in pigs during exposure to high concentrations of CO2 based on changes in electroencephalogram (EEG) activity and the rel...