the soul in immaterial for descartes, because it’s inherent attribute; i.e. thought is immaterial. moreover, it is independent from body and matter and has no extend. in his view, the soul from the beginning has been immaterial, while mulla-sadra recognizes it as a corporeal object at the beginning, in generation, and immaterial afterward and survivance. mulla-sadra demonstrates that, soul need...

Descartes talks about the presence of immaterial soul in material body multiple places his writings and letters. Interpreters do not agree whether he had mind substantial holenmeric or mere operational powers soul. I discuss both views this paper, argue that neither is plausible. The former turns out to be poorly motivated context Descartes?s other metaphysical commitments insufficiently textua...

Descartes developed an elaborate theory of animal physiology that he used to explain functionally organized, situationally adapted behavior in both human and nonhuman animals. Although he restricted true mentality to the human soul, I argue that he developed a purely mechanistic (or material) ‘psychology’ of sensory, motor, and low-level cognitive functions. In effect, he sought to mechanize th...

the problem of mental causation was one of the most important problems in philosophy of mind at least from the time of descartes. since cartesian philosophers found the causal interaction of the soul and the body problematic, they explained away the direct relation between the soul and the body in different ways. however, the problem was not resolved in contemporary philosophy of mind when the ...

There is no doubt that occidental conceptions of health and disease harbour Cartesian assumptions thus unfolding far-reaching social and political implications. In accordance with the opinion of medical historians, ethicists and epistemologists, the dualistic image of humanity (Menschenbild) exerted a determining impact on medical science and practice most notably since the dissemination of Des...

Abstract Descartes's arguments in support of his claim that the mind is an immaterial substance are examined and found wanting. But despite flaws dualistic view mind, Descartes has fascinating important things to say about how much human experience involves ‘intermingling’ body. There still philosophical lessons be learnt from legacy.

anthropology is one of the most important issues in educational-hilosophical schools. the aim of this research is to find similarities and differences of body and soul from the viewpoints of imam mohammad ghazzali and thomas aquinas. analytical-comparative and library research methods have been used. these two scholars have similarities and differences on body and soul that their similarities a...