The use of pesticides in modern agriculture is unavoidable because they are required to control weeds. Pesticides are poisonous; hence, they are dangerous if misused. Understanding the fate of pesticides will be useful to use them safely. Therefore, contaminations of water and soil resources could be avoided. The fates of pesticides in soils are influenced by their sorption, decomposition and m...

How do intercellular signals that pattern cell fates vary in evolution? During nematode vulva development, precursor cells acquire one of three fates in a pattern centered around the gonadal anchor cell. Non-vulval fates are at the periphery, outer and inner vulval fates are towards the center. In Caenorhabditis elegans, the three fates are specified around the same time by an induction by the ...

the histories of several nations consist of legends and myths. the world myths seem similar in many cases, although, they sometimes oppose each other. tragedy is one of amazing topics in mythological discusses. this essay tries to analyze the tragedies of infanticide and patricide. there is a predictor in such tragedies and the fate will always go on his foretelling. nothing can prevent or chan...

Abstract. As temperatures decrease in autumn, vegetation of temperate and boreal ecosystems increases its tolerance to freezing. This process, known as hardening, results a set physiological changes at the molecular level that initiate modifications cell membrane composition synthesis anti-freeze proteins. Together with freezing extracellular water, proteins reduce plant water potentials xylem ...

regenerative medicine provides substitutes for organ transplantation, which is restricted in applicability due to immune responses against allograft and the large discrepancy between the need for organs and the number of available transplantation. an artificial environment is allowing cells to induce tissue regeneration. growth factors (gfs) play a significant role in the cell fates in their mi...

An invariant spatial pattern of three cell fates (3 degrees-3 degrees-2 degrees-1 degree-2 degrees-3 degrees) is generated from a field of multipotent precursor cells during C. elegans vulval development. We demonstrate that the epidermal growth factor-like domain of the LIN-3 protein can induce either of two distinct vulval cell fates: a high dose of LIN-3 induces a 1 degree fate; a lower dose...