abstract purpose: initially, reading challenges related to the web environment will be discussed in the current paper followed by describing four reading modes including exegetical, dogmatic, agnostic and dialectical which have been proposed by walter kaufman. the research aimed to examine such modes of reading in the web environment via a questionnaire distributed among the postgraduate studen...

Dialectical logic is the logic of dialectical processes. The goal of dialectical logic is to introduce dynamic notions into logical computational systems. The fundamental notions of proposition and truthvalue in standard logic are subsumed by the notions of process and flow in dialectical logic. Dialectical logic has a standard aspect, which can be defined in terms of the “local cartesian closu...

Argumentation concepts have been applied to numerous knowledge engineering endeavours in recent years. For example, a variety of logics have been developed to represent argumentation in the context of a dialectical situation such as a dialogue. In contrast to the dialectical approach, argumentation has also been used to structure knowledge. This can be seen as a non-dialectical approach. The To...

Previous cross-cultural studies have repeatedly demonstrated that East Asians are more likely to show a dialectical emotional style than Americans, but do not distinguish between specific types of dialectical emotional styles. Using an age diverse sample, we found that compared to Americans, Japanese are more likely to experience both positive and negative emotions moderately frequently (i.e., ...

Dialectical constructivism considers that the source of knowledge comes from constant and complex interactions between the evolving individual and the developing environment (Moshman, 1982). Dialectical constructivism informs dialectical learning pedagogy, where students constantly interact with each other in developing and refining arguments over an issue from multiple perspectives. With the a...