in public ceremonies, some of the deepest collective memories of the city are being shaped. in safavid era, feasts and funerals; which were either celebration of iranian old traditions or shiite rituals, provided some of the most memorable scenes in public life of the city. this has been mentioned frequently in itineraries and travelogues - both iranians and foreigners. these ceremonies gradual...

festivals and celebrations are regarded as vitality and dynamism of each society. in pre-islamic iran, there have been as many as twenty four festivals. when iranians accepted islam, many islamic festivals were added to these national festivals. whereas one can find lots of information in tarikh-e-beihaghi, we can find little information in other historical books. meanwhile there is quite a lar...

feasts and festivals are ceremonies held by various peoples and nations in order to put on display their indigenous and unique cultures. persian peoples, too, have their own unique and peculiar customs while celebrating norooz festival, just like arabs who observe their own festivities during eid al-fitr and eid al-adha or the beginning of the lunar calendar or year; and so do christians, jews,...

despite  impressive  advancements  in  diagnostic  and  treatment technologies,  infectious  diseases  still  cause  a  significant  amount  of mortality and morbidity throughout the world due to the unpredictable and inevitable  rise  of  new  or  previously  dormant  pathogens.  emerging infectious disease (eid) outbreaks are mainly associated with changes in physical environment and human be...

The German BSI started a project for an open source eID simulator. It will allow a wide range of personalisation, is more flexible than real cards and is free to use. Background and goals There is a rising need of test cards for developers of eID clients and companies which want to offer services by using the eID function of the German eID card. Today is difficult get test cards for new develop...

Gegenstand des vorliegenden Beitrags ist die Entwicklung eines soziotechnischen Ökosystem-Modells für elektronische Identitäten (eID), das national und international anwendbar ist. Im vorliegenden Beitrag wird die Frage beantwortet, wie der Nutzungserfolg einer eID erreicht werden kann. Diese Frage wird vor dem Hintergrund gestellt, dass nationale eID-Lösungen etwa in der EU oder auf anderen Ko...

Electronic identity (eID) cards promise to supply a universal, nation-wide mechanism for user authentication. Most European countries have started to deploy eID for government and private sector applications. Are government-issued electronic ID cards the proper way to authenticate users of online services? We use the German eID project as a showcase to discuss eID from an application perspectiv...