Th1 lymphocytes produce cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, TNF-β and GM-CSF and play an important role in the increase of delaying sensitivity and defense against intracellular pathogens. IFN-γ is the most important Th1 cell cytokine that induces the production of IgG, activation of macrophages,enhancing phagocytosis, and also increasing MHC class I and class II mo...

Th1 lymphocytes produce cytokines such as IL-2, IFN-γ, and TNF-α, TNF-β and GM-CSF. IFN-γ is the most important Th1 cell cytokine that induces the production of IgG, activation of macrophages, enhancing phagocytosis, and also increasing MHC class I and class II molecules. Increasing serum level of Th1 cytokines have also been observed in MS patients. It has also been prov...

background: multiple sclerosis (ms) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system and cytokines may play a role in the development of ms lesions. objective: to determine levels of different cytokines in patients with relapsing-remitting ms (rr-ms) compared to healthy controls. methods: profiles of pro-inflammatory, th1-, th2-, and th17-related cytokines were compared by quantitative ...

background: although many experimental studies provide convincing evidence that type ii immunity is protective against helminths, recent data in mice demonstrate that th1 is also impor-tant in some cestodes like hymenolepis nana. objective: to identify the role of th1 and th2 lymphocytes in immunity against h. nana, the levels of il-12, ifnγ, il-5, and il-13 were de-termined in serum of humans ...

background t-helper (th) lymphocyte cytokine production may be important in the immune pathogenesis of hepatitis c virus (hcv) infections. th1 cytokines such as; interleukin- 2 (il-2), and interferon gamma (ifn-gamma) are necessary for host antiviral immune responses, while th2 cytokines (il-4, il-10) can inhibit the development of these effector mechanisms. objectives the aim of the present st...

gamma irradiation is routinely used for suppression of lymphocyte function in transfusion and transplantation procedures. in recent years, some investigators focused on the effects of ionizing radiation on special aspects of lymphocyte function and considered the possibility of its clinical application for treatment of some immunological disorders. in this study, we evaluated the effects of fiv...

background: the aim of this study was to determine the th1 and th2 serum cytokines, in patients with psoriasis and to com pare their cytokine levels with those of normal control subjects. methods: serum levels of interferon-gamma (ifn-γ), interleukin-2 (il-2), interleukin-4 (il-4), and interleukin-10 (il-10) were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in 40 patients with psoriasis and in...

lactic acid bacteria which are  used  as  probiotics  have  ability to  modulate  immune responses and modify immune mechanisms. it has also been indicated that some strains of this family can affect the immune responses against solid tumors. in the present work, we proposed to study the effects of oral administration of l.cacesi ssp casei on the nk cells cytotoxicity and also production of cyt...

background : the current study was designed to evaluate immune responses induced by dna vaccines encoding 8-kda subunit of antigen b (hydi) of echinococcus granulosus and murine interleukin 12 (il-12) as genetic adjuvants in balb/c mice. methods : expression plasmid pcdna3.1 containing hydi (pchyd1) as vaccine along with the murine interleukin 12 (pcmil12) as adjuvant were used. thirty-five mic...