Territorial privacy is an old concept for privacy of the personal space dating back to the 19th century. Despite its former relevance, territorial privacy has been neglected in recent years, while privacy research and legislation mainly focused on the issue of information privacy. However, with the prospect of smart and ubiquitous environments, territorial privacy deserves new attention. Walls,...

Inspired by the collective phenomenon of territorial emergence, whereby animals move and interact through the scent marks they deposit, we study the dynamics of a 1D Brownian walker in a random environment consisting of confining boundaries that are themselves diffusing anomalously. We show how to reduce, in certain parameter regimes, the non-Markovian, many-body problem of territoriality to th...

Neighboring territorial animals are viewed primarily as intense rivals, but there are also opportunities for cooperation among competitors. Many animals respond less aggressively toward neighbors than to strangers. This phenomenon, termed the ‘‘dear enemy’’ effect, should be stable only when the reduced aggression is reciprocal. Territory owners should use conditional strategies in territorial ...

This article reexamines fiat, bona fide, and force dynamic boundaries as they have been applied to geopolitical entities (specifically states and nations) and the classification of geopolitical entities based on the ontological characteristics of their territorial boundaries. It is argued that state territory is always bounded by fiat boundaries and that no bona fide state territory exists. Thi...

Variation in an animal's spatial environment can induce variation in the hippocampus, an area of the brain involved in spatial cognitive processing. Specifically, increased spatial area use is correlated with increased hippocampal attributes, such as volume and neurogenesis. In the side-blotched lizard (Uta stansburiana), males demonstrate alternative reproductive tactics and are either territo...

The problems involved in reliably measuring bird territories and estimating their stability have often been ignored by ornithologists. Observers frequently use the same technique to measure territories as that used by Noble (1939) and other pioneers. Typically, the observer carries a map into the field and notes where a subject bird flies, sings, or has aggressive encounters during a given peri...

In international law and relations, ownership of territory is significant because sovereignty over land defines what constitutes a state. Additionally, as Machiavelli suggested, territorial acquisition is one of the goals of most states. The benefits of having territory, though, are only as great as a state’s borders are clear, because a state’s boundaries must be well defined for the modern st...

Inferring the role of interactions in territorial animals relies upon accurate recordings of the behaviour of neighbouring individuals. Such accurate recordings are rarely available from field studies. As a result, quantification of the interaction mechanisms has often relied upon theoretical approaches, which hitherto have been limited to comparisons of macroscopic population-level predictions...