The purpose of this study was to compare circadian blood pressure and heart rate patterns and other cardiovascular effects of nicotine delivered rapidly (via nasal spray, NNS), slowly (transdermal nicotine, TDN), by cigarette smoking (rapid delivery of nicotine plus other smoke toxins), and placebo NNS. Twelve healthy cigarette smokers were studied on a research ward when they smoked cigarettes...

Triadin (Tdn) and Junctin (Jct) are structurally related transmembrane proteins thought to be key mediators of structural and functional interactions between calsequestrin (CASQ) and ryanodine receptor (RyRs) at the junctional sarcoplasmic reticulum (jSR). However, the specific contribution of each protein to the jSR architecture and to excitation-contraction (e-c) coupling has not been fully e...

Sunlight exposure of winegrape clusters is frequently reported to increase C(13)-norisoprenoids in resulting wines, but the timing and mechanism of this influence is not well understood. Fruit zone leaf removal was applied to Vitis vinifera cv. Riesling at three timings: 2, 33 and 68 days past berry set (PBS), and compared to an untreated control. Free and total 1,1,6-trimethyl-1,2-dihydronapht...

There are ve types of basic program dependences in concurrent programs. Task Dependence Net(TDN) is an arc-classi ed digraph to explicitly represent the ve types of basic program dependences in concurrent Ada programs. This paper describes algorithms to compute TDNs for a class of concurrent Ada programs, and shows the structure and implementation of our TDN generator for concurrent Ada program...

A data base was constructed to describe and estimate supplementation effects in nonlactating cattle consuming forage ad libitum. The data base included 66 publications on 126 forages (73 harvested and 53 grazed) and a total of 444 comparisons between a control, unsupplemented treatment and a supplemented treatment. Daily gains were reported for 301 comparisons and voluntary intake for 258. Dire...

Large round or large square hay packages are more likely to heat spontaneously during storage than hay packaged in conventional (45 kg) bales, and the effects of this phenomenon on the associated energy estimates for these hays can be severe. Our objectives for this project were to assess the relationship between estimates of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and spontaneous heating and to descr...

Calculated energy consumed in 284 cow yr by individually fed Angus, Charolais and reciprocal cross cows was partitioned into m~intenance, weight change and milk production requirements. Total digestible nutrient (TDN) consumed in 94 heifer yr was partitioned into maintenance and weight change requirements. The cow year was subdivided into midgestation, late gestation and lactation periods that ...

Estimation of the energy value of a ration is fundamental for the determination of the quantity required to meet the energy requirement of the animal. Net Energy is the best estimate of the energy value of a feed/ration, but is difficult, time consuming and costly to determine. In addition, it is virtually impossible to measure the energy value of a single feedstuff fed to a representative anim...

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) are generally considered important active biogeochemical pools of total carbon and nitrogen. Many studies have documented the contributions of soil fauna to litter decomposition, but the effects of the soil fauna on labile substances (i.e., DOC and TDN) in litter during early decomposition are not completely clear. Therefore, a f...

The marine biogeochemistries of carbon and nitrogen have come under increased scrutiny because of their close involvement in climate change and coastal eutrophication. Recent studies have shown that the high-temperature combustion (HTC) technique is suitable for routine analyses of dissolved organic matter due to its good oxidation efficiency, high sensitivity, and precision. In our laboratory,...