The effects of viral strain, viral dose, and age of bird at inoculation on subgroup J avian leukosis virus (ALV J) persistence, neutralizing antibody (VNAb) response, and tumors were studied in commercial meat-type chickens. Chickens were inoculated on the fifth day of embryonation (5 ED) or on day of hatch (DOH) with either 100 or 10,000 50% tissue-culture infective dose (TCID50) of one of thr...

The design principle of a biochemiluminescent instrument is presented. diagnoses influenza based on detection the flu viral neuraminidase activity. uses photomultiplier tube (PMT) as sensor, with 24 test channels. reaction disk driven by step motor to rotate, where reagent incubated. Finally, PMT detects number photons emitted and calculates enzyme correlation coefficient (R2) 2.83 5.06 log TCI...

The pathogenesis of ocular cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in mice was studied in detail as a model of ocular involvement of human CMV infection. Smith strain of mouse CMV (MCMV) was inoculated into the anterior chamber of the eye and viral antigen was located by immunofluorescence. When salivary gland passaged MCMV (SG-MCMV) was inoculated into the 12- to 18-day-old ICR/Sic mice, it elicited t...

Porcine rubulavirus (PoRV) is an emerging virus causing meningo-encephalitis and reproductive failures in pigs. Little is known about the pathogenesis and immune evasion of this virus; therefore research on the mechanisms underlying tissue damage during infection is essential. To explore these mechanisms, the effect of PoRV on the transcription of interferon (IFN) pathway members was analyzed i...

For in vivo studies of influenza dynamics where within-host measurements are fit with a mathematical model, infectivity assays (e.g. 50% tissue culture infectious dose; TCID50) are often used to estimate the infectious virion concentration over time. Less frequently, measurements of the total (infectious and non-infectious) viral particle concentration (obtained using real-time reverse transcri...

Microbial infections cause complicated health influences along with bad economic impacts. In the present investigation, three dominant seaweeds namely, Amphiroa anceps, Corallina officinalis and Sargassum filipendula were collected from different Egyptian sites at Red Sea Mediterranean during autumn 2019. Organic extracts of algae screened for their antibacterial activity against pathogenic bac...

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) can be spread by a variety of mechanisms, including wind. Simulation models, developed to predict the risk of airborne spread, have played an important part in decision making in some outbreaks. The amount of airborne virus excreted as well as the minimal infectious dose (MID) of FMDV for different species are important determinants of airborne spread. The ob...

Classical swine fever (CSF) is a highly contagious swine disease caused by classical swine fever virus (CSFV). Previously, we demonstrated that rAdV-SFV-E2, an adenovirus-delivered, Semliki Forest virus replicon-vectored marker vaccine against CSF, is able to protect pigs against lethal CSFV challenge. From an economical point of view, it will be beneficial to reduce the minimum effective dose ...

The study was carried out to establish an EV71 virus culture system on Vero cells in a shake (Wave bioreactor) incorporating microcarriers for the production of hand, foot and mouth (HFM) vaccine caused by virus. results investigation 2 types (Cytodex 1 Cytodex 3), showed that gave better efficiency when culturing suspension conditions. combination with Wave bioreactor cell over 3x106cells/ml. ...