Plumage coloration in birds serve multiple purposes, including species recognition, sexual selection cues, and camouflage. Differences in plumage coloration can be used to infer evolutionary relationships, identify distinct taxonomic units, and characterize geographic variation. With the advent of electronic devices to quantify plumage coloration quickly and reliably, taxonomic or geographic di...

An updated checklist of the scorpion fauna of Iran, as well as a brief history of taxonomic research on scorpions of Iran is presented. The checklist is based on records of scorpion species whose presence has been confirmed in Iran through field expeditions, examination of scorpion collections, literature review, and personal communications from researchers. The scorpion fauna consists of 51 sp...

Abstract. Applications of fossil shells planktonic foraminifera to decipher past environmental change and plankton evolution require a robust operational taxonomy. In this respect, extant provide an opportunity for benchmarking the dominantly morphological species concepts classification group by considering ecological, physiological genetic characters. Although basic framework taxonomy has bee...

The present study reviews most collections of Gelidiales known from Hawaii. Three genera, each one including four species, are recognized among nearly 350 specimens examined. The genus Gelidiefla is represented in Hawaii by G. acerosa (Forsskal) Feldmann et Hamel, G. adnata Dawson, G. machrisiana Dawson, and G. myrioclada B0rgesen. The genus Gelidium includes G. crinale (Turner) Lamouroux, G. p...

Context-aware applications realise the vision of ubiquitous computing by utilising information gathered from their environment to automatically adapt behaviour. To support the development of such applications, researchers have developed infrastructures, architectures, middlewares, and toolkits. This paper presents a taxonomy based on a review of these support infrastructures for context-aware c...