The article provides an in-depth analysis of Sa’ad ad-Din Taftazani’s philosophical and ethical views on kalam (a popular speculative discipline medieval Muslim literature that any reasoning religious topics) based rational thinking. In particular, it aims at looking through one the puzzling issues philosophy – freedom will (moral) choice a man discussed in “Sharh al- ‘Aqa’id” written by great ...

extended abstract 1. introduction in arabic, words or letters that are considered to be jazm particles affecting a present tense are divided into two general categories: jazm particles affecting a single verb and those affecting two verbs. abbas hassan introduces particles such as iza, kayfa, lou, etc., which bear a conditional connotation, as a third factor for occurrence of jazm (al-nahv al-w...