upper devonian sediments of the kuh-e zard area northwest of zefreh, central iran, arecomposed mainly of brown and grey limestones with sandstone and shale intercalations. they contain tracefossils such as chondrites isp., diplocraterion parallelum, fustiglyphus annulatus, lockeia isp., phycodesisp., and taenidium barretti. these trace fossils indicate a shallow marine environment

5 Thalassinoides sp. 19 INTRODUCTION 6 Genus Trichichnus Frey, n. gen. 20 Purpose and scope 6 Trichichnus linearis Frey, n. sp. 20 Stratigraphy 6 Genus Zoophycos Massalongo, 1855 22 Correlation of Fort Hays exposures 9 Zoophycos sp. A 22 Petrology 9 Zoophycos sp. B 22 Paleontology 9 Miscellaneous burrows 23 Acknowledgments 10 Arthrophycus-like burrows 23 TRACE FOSSILS (ICHNOLOGY) 10 Scaphopod-s...

Two distinct traditions exist in the study of ancient ichnofaunas, which may be termed the ethological (invertebrate ichnology) and the biotaxonomic (tetrapod ichnology). Consequently, there are two different kinds of ichnofacies, each peculiar to one tradition, and we term them ethoichnofacies (invertebrate ichnofacies) and biotaxonichnofacies (tetrapod ichnofacies). In the Paleozoic, the Chel...

Archeology is a science that tries to interpret the thoughts and behaviours of society living in past by documenting, researching, analysing physical residuals left behind human behaviour. By doing this, it benefitting from many branches science. One archeology benefits “ichnology”, which derived Greek words “ἴχνος (ikhnos)=track” “λόγος (logos)=science”, studies fossil traces residuals. From j...

Vertebrate tracks are subject to a wide range of morphological variation. A single trackmaker may be associated with a range of tracks reflecting individual pedal anatomy and behavioural kinematics mediated through substrate properties which may vary both in space and time. Accordingly, the same trackmaker can leave substantially different morphotypes something which must be considered in creat...

Vertebrate tracks are subject to a wide distribution of morphological types. A single trackmaker may be associated with a range of tracks reflecting individual pedal anatomy and behavioural kinematics mediated through substrate properties which may vary both in space and time. Accordingly, the same trackmaker can leave substantially different morphotypes something which must be considered in cr...