fuzzy cognitive maps (fcms) have successfully been applied in numerous domains to show the relations between essential components in complex systems. in this paper, a novel learning method is proposed to construct fcms based on historical data and by using meta-heuristic: genetic algorithm (ga), simulated annealing (sa), and tabu search (ts). implementation of the proposed method has demonstrat...

facing the issues with structural complexity about which stakeholders have different views, has increasingly led to the use of soft systems methodology (ssm) in solving managerial problems. moreover, the flaws of this methodology in the stages of modeling and feasible, desirable changes, have provided the motivation for applying cognitive map (cm) and system dynamics in the ssm modeling. presen...

Soft System Dynamics Methodology (SSDM), a systemic methodology product of the combination of two widely used systems-based methodologies from two different systems thinking paradigms, Systems Dynamics (SD) and Soft Systems Methodology (SSM), is presented. The paper argues that by combining some of SD and SSM stages, within the intellectual framework proposed by SSDM, a methodology developed by...

monte carlo simulation is a standard technique for project risk analysis. however, some assumptions of this technique are not reasonable in real world. when a project falls behind the schedule, managers take actions to improve the performance. nevertheless, most of the simulation models as monte carlo omit these reactions in their analysis, which results in unreasonable wide distributions or ev...

abstract the purpose of this article is to present a system dynamics (sd) model for studying the ‎interconnections among human being weight, eating habit, exercise, body fat, take-in medication, drugs-uses, and the health problems in general. due to the fact that all of these factors have direct and indirect impacts on the expenses that insurance company have to pay this author is proposing a s...

The unsteady increase in using pharmaceutical opioids is a phenomenon that has existed in human societies for a long time. Furthermore, the ever-growing trend of addiction to opioids affects communities in various economic, social, and cultural aspects. Since abusing pharmaceutical opioids is a complex dynamic problem, it is extremely difficult to recognize the factors influencing this abuse. T...

The unsteady increase in using pharmaceutical opioids is a phenomenon that has existed in human societies for a long time. Furthermore, the ever-growing trend of addiction to opioids affects communities in various economic, social, and cultural aspects. Since abusing pharmaceutical opioids is a complex dynamic problem, it is extremely difficult to recognize the factors influencing this abuse. T...

Abstract The purpose of this article is to present a system dynamics (SD) model for studying the ‎interconnections among human being weight, eating habit, exercise, body fat, take-in medication, drugs-uses, and the health problems in general. Due to the fact that all of these factors have direct and indirect impacts on the expenses that insurance company have to pay this author is proposing a ...