Sentetik tohum, besin maddesi ve koruyucu bile?ikler içeren özel maddelerle kaplanm?? somatik embriyolard?r. tohum üretimi, canl? üretemeyen bitkiler için elveri?lidir. tohumdan bitki elde edilmesi, ilk kez doku kültüründen edilen embriyodan suyun uzakla?t?r?lmas? yoluyla yap?lm??t?r. Somatik embriyo kaplanmas?nda sodyum alginat veya alginik asit matriksleri çok yayg?n olarak kullan?lmaktad?r. ...

Batch sorption experiments were carried out using jackfruit seed powder (JSP), for the removal of Methylene Blue (MB) from dyeing synthetic effluent waste water. Effects of process parameters pH, adsorbent mass, adsorbate concentration, contact time and temperature were studied. The adsorption process attains equilibrium within 60 minutes. The amount of MB adsorbed per unit mass of the adsorben...

Brassica napus was synthesized by hybridization between its diploid progenitor species B. rapa and B. oleracea followed by chromosome doubling. Cross with B. rapa as a female parent was only successful. Among three colchicine treatments (0.10, 0.15, and 0.20%), 0.15% gave the highest success (86%) of chromosome doubling in the hybrids (AC; 2n = 19). Synthetic B. napus (AACC, 2n = 38) was identi...

Considering the possibility of the harmful side effects of synthetic antioxidants, it is necessary to substitute the synthetic antioxidants by the natural ones, the antioxidants that have been consumed by man for years. The mango seeds were washed and air dried and the kernels were removed manually from the seeds. Mango seed kernel oil was extracted by hexane using soxhlet extraction apparatus....

considering the possibility of the harmful side effects of synthetic antioxidants, it is necessary to substitute the synthetic antioxidants by the natural ones, the antioxidants that have been consumed by man for years. the mango seeds were washed and air dried and the kernels were removed manually from the seeds. mango seed kernel oil was extracted by hexane using soxhlet extraction apparatus....

Hybridisation and polyploidy are major forces contributing to plant speciation. Homoploid (2x) and heteroploid (3x) hybrids, however, represent critical stages for evolution due to disturbed meiosis and reduced fertility. Apomixis--asexual reproduction via seeds--can overcome hybrid sterility, but requires several concerted alterations of developmental pathways to result in functional seed form...