Derivation of sea surface wind direction is a key step of sea surface wind retrieval from spaceborne Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. This technical note describes an implementation of the Local Gradient (LG) method to derive sea surface wind directions at a scale of a few kilometers from X-band spaceborne SAR TerraSAR-X (TS-X) data in wide swath mode. The 180 ̋ ambiguity in the derived sea ...

This thesis focuses on the development, analysis and evaluation of methods for the retrieval of ocean surface winds with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and surface currents with infrared (IR) radiometer sensors. The SAR wind speed retrievals are based on geophysical model functions using wind directions obtained with two approaches. The first approach determines wind directions from the spatial...

Sea surface wind affects the fluxes of energy, mass and momentum between the atmosphere and ocean, and therefore regional and global weather and climate. With various satellite microwave sensors, sea surface wind can be measured with large spatial coverage in almost all-weather conditions, day or night. Like any other remote sensing measurements, sea surface wind measurement is also indirect. T...

The microwave polarimetric scattering from two-dimensional (2-D) wind fetchand water depth-limited nearshore sea surface is investigated by using the second-order small-slope approximation (SSA-II). The sea waves are simulated by taking into account the influences of fetch and depth. Based on this, the joint influence of fetch and depth on the normalized radar cross section (NRCS) of sea surfac...

he high resolution and large coverage of satellite synthetic aperture radar (SAR) offer a unique opportunity to derive mesoscale wind fields over the ocean surface and to investigate their spatial variation. For this purpose, different algorithms were developed and tested using SAR images from two European Remote Sensing satellites. In this article, the methods for deriving wind fields from SAR...

Satellite microwave scatterometers are the principal source of global synoptic-scale ocean vector wind (OVW) measurements for a number of scientific and operational oceanic wind applications. However, for extreme wind events such as tropical cyclones, their performance is significantly degraded. This paper presents a novel OVW retrieval algorithm for tropical cyclones which improves the accurac...

A nonlinear regression approach is employed to construct a surface wind analysis from a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) acquisition off the west coast of North America and a collocated operational marine wind forecast. The analysis is iteratively constructed using a cost function that minimizes discrepancies with the wind forecast, the SAR backscatter, and wind directions that are inferred from ...

in order to recognize the wind erosion situation of a region, the survey of its windiness is not sufficient and the physical characteristics of earth are of importance too. in fact, the outbreak of dust storms in a region is due to the sensitivity of earth and domination of wind in that region. in this investigation we have tried to find a way for determining the regions in which a dust storm i...