in this thesis protic and aprotic ammonium-based ionic liquids were synthesized and their surface tensions were measured in the range of 298-373k. the protics are alkyl ammonium-based ils with the carboxylate (formate, acetate, propionate) anion and aprotics are quaternary ammonium-based ils with bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide anion. capillary rise method was used for surface tension measure...

Introduction: Wind erosion is a phenomenon that causes severe environmental changes in arid and semi-arid climates. As surface soil texture is very effective in soil erodibility, identifying soil erodibility index is important and efficient. Mismanagement greatly contributes to the development of wind erosion. The velocity that makes the first particles of soil move from the surface is called t...

The process of splash of soil particles by raindrops and their transport by splash or surface shallow flow is considered as interrill erosion, which can reduce soil fertility and cause pollution of surface water. This research was carried out to investigate the temporal variation of interrill erosion in different soils affected by surface slope. For this purpose, laboratory experiments were car...

Gully erosion is one of the important forms of soil degradation especially in semi-arid areas. Gullies are occupying 13 percent of Ilam Province area. This research focused on studying the, topographic threshold of gullies, dominant process of gully initiation and development as well, in agricultural and rangeland land uses. Ilam province with 2 million hac area is located in western Iran. Ilam...

In this paper a compact current-voltage model for MOSFET-like Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistors (MOSFET-like CNFET) is presented. To model these devices the one-dimensional drain/source current equation obtained from Landauer approach must be solved self-consistently with the equation relates the Fermi surface and carrier concentration. Also, numerically solve of the integral over densit...

Gully erosion and sedimentation have high priority in Fars Province due to the losses from destruction of lands, roads and civil structures. In the present study, in order to evaluate the threshold for the development and initiation of gully topography in Fars province, two regions were selected including Allamarvdasht, Lamerd and Fedagh, Larestan. 30 gullies were selected in each mentioned are...