This contribution refers to the use of lines of equal light intensity, called isophotes, for detecting irregularities of free form surfaces in car body construction. The isophotes show irregularities of surface smoothness, of the Gaussian curvature and of the distribution of the surface normals. The algorithm described was realized in the CADCAM-system Ogsurf-P, a Volkswagen development for car...

During this past summer, I had the rare (at least to the academician) opportunity to personally visit and travel with over 30 agribusiness salesmen throughout much of the American Southwest. I accompanied many of these “mobilized merchants” on their customer service calls. I rode along with these “practicing scientists” in their pickup trucks as they checked their clients’ operations for agrono...

Equations are derived to approximately describe the propagation of small amplitude surface and interfacial waves across small irregularities in depth in a two-layer fluid. When the irregularities are sinusoidal, Bragg interaction effects between an incident surface wave and the bottom corrugations can lead to a large-amplitude reflected interfacial wave or a large-amplitude transmitted interfac...

THE irregularity of the cut tooth surfaces resulting from the shaping of cavities would appear to have a twofold significance. First, these irregularies should have some effect on the adaptation of the specified filling material to the cavity walls, and second, they may tend to undermine or weaken groups of enamel rods at the eavo-surface margins, thus resulting in a failure of the tooth struct...

BACKGROUND Many new rotary files systems have been introduced, however, limited research has been conducted related to the surface irregularities of these files and if these have any effects on the files themselves. Hence, the aim of the present study was to analyze surface irregularities of the ProTaper® Universal rotary files (PTU) and the ProTaper Next™ rotary files (PTN) before and after in...