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Offices and retail spaces are among the most energy-intensive building typologies. Designing office buildings without proper consideration of their form, orientation, envelope, and other variables can lead to a considerable increase in energy usage. This research investigates how integrated usage of an atrium and courtyard can improve a building’s energy performance. Thermal performance of both...

Traditionally, people in the Mediterranean region knew that the temperatures in their courtyards were cooler in summer than outside temperature. This paper provides a quantitative study on the usefulness of Mediterranean courtyards as passive energy saving systems. This work is based on the creation of a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) numerical model developed using the open source Freefem+...

The ‘wind-rain’ house has a courtyard with glazed roof, which allows more direct sunlight to come into indoor spaces during the winter. The glazed roof can be partially opened or closed and automatically controlled to provide natural ventilation in order to adjust for indoor thermal conditions and the roof area can be shaded by reflective insulation materials during the summer. Two field studie...

In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the soundscape perception of semi-open spaces. context, is define courtyard Diyarbakır Great Mosque, which considered one symbols and known as 5th Harem-i Şerif among Muslims, contribute studies in field. order determine users, questionnaires prepared with reference BS ISO 12913 standards were evaluated Frequency Analysis. summer period, a questionnaire a...

The courtyard plan provides the basis for a traditional house type that is deeply associated with the Korean way of life. The first part of this paper discusses concepts and characteristics intrinsic to traditional Korean house plans and introduces various examples of courtyard house layouts. Thereafter, it selects several examples of modern Korean dwellings and compares them from the point of ...

At present, the energy used for air conditioning in buildings urban areas accounts over 36% of total global consumption. Energy efficiency has become a critical factor planning cities worldwide. Courtyard hot are prime example approach traditional vernacular architecture to mitigate effects extreme weather. However, given challenge guaranteeing accurate modelling microclimates within these cour...