1- introduction transportation and traffic is one of the major issues and challenges that are facing urban managers. so that it has become one of the major challenges in the political area. transport is one of the most important elements of urban development which is used for people and goods moving from a different geographical place to other places. in order to achieve efficient productive in...

An integrated urban transportation system usually consists of multiple transport modes that have complementary characteristics of capacities, speeds, and costs, facilitating smooth passenger transfers according to planned schedules. However, such an integration is not designed to operate under disruptive events, e.g., a signal failure at a subway station or a breakdown of a bus, which have ripp...

The Metropolitan Seoul Subway system, consisting of 380 stations, provides the major transportation mode in the metropolitan Seoul area. Focusing on the network structure, we analyze statistical properties and topological consequences of the subway system. We further study the passenger flows on the system, and find that the flow weight distribution exhibits a power-law behavior. In addition, t...

A rail transit network usually represents the core of a city’s public transportation system. The overall topological structures and functional features of a public transportation network, therefore, must be fully understood to assist the safety management of rail transit and planning for sustainable development. Based on the complex network theory, this study took the Beijing Subway system (BSS...

BACKGROUND With an increasing proportion of the population living in cities, mass transportation has been rapidly expanding to facilitate the demand, yet there is a concern that mass transit has the potential to result in excessive exposure to noise, and subsequently noise-induced hearing loss. METHODS Noise dosimetry was used to measure time-integrated noise levels in a representative sample...

The fast pace of urbanization has given rise to complex transportation networks, such as subway systems, that deploy smart card readers generating detailed transactions of mobility. Predictions of human movement based on these transaction streams represents tremendous new opportunities from optimizing fleet allocation of on-demand transportation such as UBER and LYFT to dynamic pricing of servi...

A transit ridership study is an essential part of sustainability, and can provide a deep understanding of people’s travel patterns for efficient transportation development and urbanization. However, there is a lack of empirical studies comparing subway and taxi services, and their interactions within a city, that is to say, the interdependent transportation networks. Incorporating new data, thi...

Abstract. Several sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) tracer gas experiments were conducted in a subway system to measure the possible pathways of toxic gas for subway tunnels and stations empirically. A new mobile integrated measuring and analysis system was used to achieve high sample rates and a long measurement time. Due to the mobility of the sensors, tracer gas experiments were also carried out ins...

ineffective transport system in large cities including tehran, creates important environmental problems such as increases in fuel consumption resulting in loss of large amounts of non renewal natural resources.the increasing of oil consumption in tehran city is mostly for the inefficiency of transportation systems. this problem is one of the main causes of destruction and ending of environmenta...

Tehran suburb city rail Exploitation Company (Tehran subway) presents public transportation services to more than 3 million people in a day. Therefore, the way these services are presented and customer satisfactions’ rate with the services presented to enjoy high importance. In the matters applied to the survey, first the expectations that users of this public transportation system have and the...