The systems approach is a means of studying the properties of things in relation, not just to their components, but also to the ways in which the components interact, both with each other and with their environment. Within this approach, the task of ascertaining causal linkages existing among the variables in soft systems (as against hard systems) is more complex as these are often messy and th...

The present research study intended to investigate the impact of the Role of Purchase Rewards to Companies’ Customers, as a Purchase Intention Mediator, on the Profitability of SMEs in Sanandaj City in 2014. Three different types of variables, including Independent, Dependent and Intervening variables, are specified in this study; Purchase Rewards to Customers is the Independent Variable, Profi...

A single counterfactual conditional can have a multitude of interpretations that differ, intuitively, in the connection between antecedent and consequent. Using structural equation models (SEMs) to represent event dependencies, we illustrate various types of explanation compatible with a given counterfactual. We then formalize in the SEM framework the notion of an acceptable explanation, identi...

the present study investigated the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior (ocb) in the relationship between job satisfaction, turnover, and organizational identification. the population of the present study included all employees working at tehran municipality at district 2 and the sample consisted of 260 employees selected using random sampling and cochran formula. the research ...

The aim of this paper is twofold. First, to extend Hodges’ model of relationships between financial planning for retirement with psychosocial variables to predict both objective and subjective measures of financial planning. Second, to apply that model to a representative sample of immigrants in Europe provided by the first wave of SHARE study. Data from 1272 immigrants in Europe were obtained ...

This study investigates the relationship between market orientation, intellectual capital, and new product success, and integrates the internal and external views to examine the effects of market orientation and intellectual capital on new product success. Travel agencies within the Taiwan tourism industry were targeted. A questionnaire was mailed to 1000 agencies, yielding 182 valid survey ins...

A theoretical framework model that researches the interrelationship of organizational innovation, organizational performance and dynamic core competence of enterprise (DCCE) is proposed on the foundation of the analysis of measure dimensions which include four oriented organizational innovations and the four sub-core capabilities of DCCE and the three levels of variables of performance. By usin...