Purpose—To review what is known about the normal maturation of stereoacuity, the stereoacuity deficits associated with infantile and accommodative esotropia, the rationale for making improved stereoacuity a goal of treatment, and strategies for improving stereoacuity outcomes. Methods—Studies of stereoacuity maturation during normal development, studies of stereoacuity outcomes following treatm...

PURPOSE To evaluate associations between stereoacuity and presence, type, and severity of vision disorders in Head Start preschool children and determine testability and levels of stereoacuity by age in children without vision disorders. METHODS Stereoacuity of children aged 3 to 5 years (n = 2898) participating in the Vision in Preschoolers (VIP) Study was evaluated using the Stereo Smile II...

Purpose: To develop stereoacuity test using a high-resolution 3D monitor and examined the effects of the monitor on the measured stereoacuity. Methods: We conducted stereoacuity test using a high-resolution 3D monitor. This 3D monitor can show parallax of 27 s (crossed) at the minimum at measurement distance 40 cm, and circularly polarized glasses were used for binocular separation. Titmus ster...

PURPOSE The Titmus Stereotest (Stereo Optical Co., Inc., Chicago, IL) has been used to estimate visual acuity (VA) in the evaluation of nonorganic visual loss. Previous predictions were derived from optical degradation of VA in normal subjects and may not account for the variability seen in patients with neuro-ophthalmic pathologies included in the differential diagnosis of nonorganic visual lo...

PURPOSE Distance stereoacuity is used to monitor deterioration of intermittent exotropia (IXT), but variability of stereoacuity has not been studied rigorously. The purpose of this study was to assess the variability of stereoacuity over one day in children with IXT. DESIGN Prospective cohort study. METHODS Twelve children with IXT were recruited. Stereoacuity was assessed using the Frisby ...

PURPOSE To determine changes in stereoacuity in anisometropic myopic eyes after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK). METHODS Myopic patients with at least 1 diopter (D) of anisometropia in sphere, astigmatism, or spherical equivalent who were referred to our hospital for excimer refractive surgery were enrolled as a prospective sequential interventional case series. All patients underwent wavef...

Existing methods of stereoacuity testing need specific glasses or optical device for use. We have designed a new stereoacuity test for the digitalized, random-dot stereogram and researched its clinical usefulness. A digitalized, random-dot, stereoacuity test card was created with a computer program that used a preferred symbol and the designed system was tested along with the Randot preschool s...

PURPOSE To evaluate whether distance stereoacuity improves following surgery for intermittent exotropia using the Frisby Davis Distance (FD2) and Distance Randot stereotests. METHODS Eighteen patients (median age, 24 years; range, 5 to 68 years) with intermittent exotropia were prospectively enrolled. Stereoacuity was measured pre- and 6 weeks postoperatively using the FD2 and Frisby near tes...

AIM To examine how stereoacuity changes with age as measured by a variety of stereotests. METHODS Stereoacuity has been measured in 60 normal subjects aged 17-83 years by a single observer using TNO, Titmus, Frisby near, and Frisby-Davis distance stereotests. Motor fusion was measured at (1/3) metre and 6 metres. RESULTS Overall stereoacuity measured by all tests showed a mild decline with ...

AIMS To establish the range of normal distance stereoacuity in young children using the Frisby Davis distance stereo test (FD2). METHODS Children passing preschool vision screening assessments underwent measurement of distance stereoacuity with the FD2 using a standard testing protocol. RESULTS 59 visually normal children aged between 36 months and 68 months were recruited to this study. Al...