The management of incidentally discovered small upper gastrointestinal (GI) tract submucosal tumors (SMT) remains debatable. In this review, we summarize the evolving experience with submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) of upper GI SMTs originating from the muscularis propria. From 16 original studies, we reviewed a total of 703 patients with 736 lesions. Of these, 436 were located ...

Background and study aims: Submucosal tunnelling endoscopic resection (STER) is a novel endoscopic technique to remove submucosal tumour (SMT). We propose a novel, low cost simulator for training of techniques for STER. Patients and methods: The model consisted of an ex-planted porcine oesophagus, stomach and duodenum with marbles embedded surgically in the submucosal plane. Two expert endoscop...

Mycotoxins are natural food and feed contaminants produced by several molds. The primary mode of exposure in humans animals is through mixtures. Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) sterigmatocystin (STER) structurally related mycotoxins that share the same biosynthetic route. Few vivo genotoxicity assays have been performed with STER. In present study, Wistar rats were dosed orally STER (20 mg/kg b.w.), AFB1 (...

Food safety organizations indicate the likelihood of constant human and animal exposure to mycotoxin mixtures as a possible negative public health impact. Risk assessment demonstrates that certain mycotoxins of Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. are toxic and hold a significant genotoxic efficacy at nanomolar concentrations. The aim of the current study was to investigate the potential cytogeneti...

Gastrointestinal submucosal tumors (SMTs) have been increasingly identified via the use of endoscopic ultrasonography, and removal is often recommended for SMTs that are >2 cm in diameter or symptomatic. Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER), also known as submucosal endoscopic tumor resection, endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection or tunneling endoscopic muscularis dissection, is ...

Cell wall pectins are some of the most complex biopolymers known, and yet their functions remain largely mysterious. The aim of this paper was to deepen the study of the spatial pattern of pectin distribution in the aperture of Oenothera hookeri.velans ster/+ster fertile pollen. We used "in situ" immunocytochemical techniques at electron microscopy, involving monoclonal antibodies JIM5 and JIM7...

BACKGROUND The emerging submucosal tunneling and endoscopic resection (STER) technique provides definitive histological diagnosis as well as a therapeutic method for the gastric submucosal tumors (SMTs). We aim to present our experience and discuss key technical issues of STER. METHODS 45 patients with gastric SMTs arising from MP received STER. First, a mucosal incision was made 3 cm proxima...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Endoscopic Interventional Treatment is of little trauma and less complications in the treatment of esophageal tumor and leads to faster recovery and fewer days of hospitalization. This study was aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of endoscopic interventional therapy for huge esophageal tumor arising in the muscularis propria. METHODS The patient was treated by su...

Submucosal tunneling endoscopic resection (STER) combines the techniques of peroral endoscopic myotomy [1] and endoscopic submucosal dissection for removal of upper gastrointestinal tract submucosal tumors (SMTs). STER has beenused for removal of small SMTsbelow 20mmwith low complication rates [2–4]. This report describes the removal of a large 40-mm esophageal SMT using STER, and describes a n...