This Steam System Survey Guide provides technical information for steam system operational personnel and plant energy managers on some of the major opportunities available to improve the energy efficiency and productivity of industrial steam systems. The guide covers five main areas of investigation: (1) profiling a steam system, (2) identifying steam properties for the steam system, (3) improv...

1. Steam Generation 1.1. General Characteristics 1.2. Circulation in Boiling Water Reactors 1.3. Steam Generation in CANDU Reactors 1.4. Steam Generators 1.5. Steam Generator for PWR and CANDU Systems 1.6. Heat Transfer 2. Steam Generator Operation 2.1. Swelling and Shrinking 2.1.1. Steady State Swelling and Shrinking 2.1.2. Transient Swelling and Shrinking 2.2. Level Control 2.3. Carryover 2.4...

Laboratory measurements of the effects of steam injection on the electrical conductivity of sands can aid in the interpretation of electrical surveys used to monitor subsurface steam-injection projects. The effect of variations in injected steam quality was measured in the experiments presented here. The injection of low-quality steam, boiled from a 0.01 mol/L NaCl solution, into clean sand sat...

The effect of clay content on the electrical response of steamflooded geologic material is studied using a combination of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. The presence of clay can increase the conductivity of a steam zone by providing a surface conduction path that is enhanced strongly by temperature increases. Clay also increases the residual water saturation in a steam zone, ...

Most electric power is produced by steam turbines. This is because the steam cycle is well suited to the conversion of heat to work and steam turbines can be built in a wide range of capacities up to about 1500 MW. Steam turbines are basically very simple having fixed blades to accelerate the steam and moving blades to absorb the resulting kinetic energy. The moving blades are mounted on a rota...

Steam-induced vibration is a kind of self-excited vibration which is one of the most important issues affecting the operation reliability of steam turbines. A lot of actual cases of steam-induced vibration of steam turbine were collected in this work. And steam-induced vibration fault was statistical and classified by fault reason, happened time, occurrence load and fault severity. The statisti...

The boiler drum level control unit is one of the main parameter in the thermal power station. Currently the boiler drum parameters are monitored only by using MATLAB software. There is no automatic control available. In the proposed system the boiler drum parameters such as temperature level, pressure level, water level and Droplet identifier are measured and controlled by using embedded proces...

A soil core, obtained from a contaminated field site, contaminated with a mixture of volatile and semivolatile organic compounds (VOC and SVOC) was subjected to air and steam flushing. Removal rates of volatile and semivolatile organic compounds were monitored during flushing. Air flushing removed a significant portion of the VOC present in the soil, but a significant decline in removal rate oc...

PURPOSE To compare PRESS and STEAM MR spectroscopy for assessment of liver fat in human subjects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Single-voxel (20 x 20 x 20 mm) PRESS and STEAM spectra were obtained at 1.5T in 49 human subjects with known or suspected fatty liver disease. PRESS and STEAM sequences were obtained with fixed TR (1500 msec) and different TE (five PRESS spectra between TE 30-70 msec, five S...