BACKGROUND Bilirubin is a potent antioxidant and previous studies have reported the relationship between low serum bilirubin concentration and atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the prognostic value of serum total bilirubin (STB) in patients with angina pectoris undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS In total of 1419 patients (931 men, mean age 60.9±10.5 years) wit...

Two of 49 cytolethal distending toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli isolated from human stools contained the gene coding for heat-stable enterotoxin b (STb), as detected by a colony hybridization assay. The STb gene was found to be on a 70-kb plasmid also coding for heat-labile enterotoxin (pLT-I). Restriction endonuclease analysis showed the STb gene from human isolates to be similar t...

Production of heat-stable enterotoxin b (STb) by porcine Escherichia coli strains belonging to serogroup O115 was evaluated in ligated intestinal segments of adult rats. The conditions for optimal production and detection of STb were studied by using the STb-producing strain 4247. As STb production was similar in complex Trypticase soy broth and minimal Davis medium, the latter was used for the...

INTRODUCTION In high-income countries, ≥30% of HIV-infected patients are ≥50 years (yrs) old (UNAIDS 2013). In two phases, three clinical trials (Studies 102 and 103) elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF (E/C/F/TDF; STB) had non-inferior efficacy and favourable safety vs efavirenz/emtricitabine/tenofovir DF (EFV/FTC/TDF; ATR) or ritonavir-boosted atazanavir (ATV+RTV)+FTC/TDF (TVD)...

Escherichia coli heat-stable toxin b (STb) causes diarrhea in animals. STb binds to sulfatide, its receptor, and is then internalized. In the cytoplasm, through a cascade of events, STb triggers the opening of ion channels, allowing ion secretion and water loss and leading to diarrhea. Tight junctions (TJs) are well known for controlling paracellular traffic of ions and water by forming a physi...

An indirect immunodot assay with rabbit antibodies raised against purified heat-stable enterotoxin type b (STb) and with a Western blotting (immunoblotting) detection system (ECL; Amersham International plc, Amersham, United Kingdom) was developed for the detection of STb toxin. Culture supernatants of 62 Escherichia coli isolates from pigs with diarrhea were blotted onto nitrocellulose and inc...

There are at least two classes of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxins, STa and STb. Unlike STa, which is active in suckling mice and piglets, STb is inactive in suckling mice but active in piglets and older, weaned pigs. This study examined the activity of STb in several animals and its effect on intestinal histology and cyclic GMP levels in intestinal mucosal cells. STb did not cause flu...

2 microns DNA isolated from industrial Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts exhibited extensive restriction fragment length polymorphisms. At least five 2 microns species were identified from eleven [cir+] strains. Southern hybridization mapped restriction fragment length polymorphisms at STB, a cis-acting locus essential for plasmid partitioning. Some 2 microns variants (e.g., 4110-2 microns and 41...

Binding of Escherichia coli heat-stable enterotoxin B (STb) to the human intestinal epithelial cell lines T84 and HT29 and to polarized T84 cells was studied to define the initial interaction of this peptide toxin with target cells. Equilibrium and competitive binding isotherms showed that 125I-STb bound specifically to T84 and HT29 cells; however, the toxin-epithelial cell interactions could b...

Heat-stable enterotoxin b (STb) is a low molecular weight toxin known to bind sulfatide, its receptor. The fate of STb bound to rat intestinal epithelium cells was followed using an anti-toxin gold labeled assay and transmission electron microscopy. The data suggest that STb toxin and the fusion protein maltose binding protein (MBP)-STb were internalized whereas its mutant I41 E-M42R with reduc...