background: standing workstation can be a strategic approach for many electronics manufacturers to achieve work optimization. however, the well-being of the workers has become a great issue for both workers and employers. the main objective of this research was to study the effects of standing working posture on the workers and their impact to workers’ health and productivity and then to re-des...

When an immobile prey has detected an immobile predator nearby, predation risk is greater when the predator is closer. Consequently, prey flee with shorter latency as standing distance (predator-prey distance when both are still) decreases. Since it was first reported in 2009, this relationship has been confirmed in the few species studied. However, little is known about the functional relation...

background: the use of chemicals is essential in education resulting in exposure to these pollutant in a variety of chemical and research laboratories. chemical contaminants in chemical laboratories are in different forms and chemical exposure risk assessment is important for choosing appropriate controls in protecting the health of operators, experts and students. for risk assessment in chemic...

in the process of investment decision making, next to financial indicators many other aspects of investment projects are increasingly often considered. this leads to the multi-criteria evaluation of a project. the advantage of multi-criteria methods is the ability to take into account all (not only financial) aspects of the attractiveness of an investment project. the selection of criteria of p...

conclusions managers and service providers need to know an ordinary woman’s perception of risk to address the gap between current and desired childbirth services and encourage women to use current hospital services. objectives this study explains how baloch women make decisions regarding the risks associated with childbirth at home versus a hospital. this study identifies and defines the factor...

introduction: nowadays ionizing radiation has a considerable contribution in medical diagnostic and treatment. using ionizing radiation is increasing rapidly, so biological effects of ionizing radiation should be considered more. x-rays in the range of diagnostic radiology have hazardous effects and risks that are defined as random effects. these effects obey the lnt hypothesis that occur at lo...

PURPOSE AND SCOPE Low back pain development has been associated with static standing postures in occupational settings. Previous work has demonstrated gluteus muscle co-activation as a predominant pattern in previously asymptomatic individuals who develop low back pain when exposed to 2-h of standing. The purpose of this work was to investigate muscle co-activation as a predisposing factor in l...