BACKGROUND AND AIMS Stamen movements directly determine pollen fates and mating patterns by altering positions of female and male organs. However, the implications of such movements in terms of pollination are not well understood. Recently, complex patterns of stamen movements have been identified in Loasaceae, Parnassiaceae, Rutaceae and Tropaeolaceae. In this study the stamen movements in Rut...

in order to investigate the role of stamen removal from pomegranate flowers on percentage of fruit infestation to carob moth ectomyelois ceratoniae zeller (lepidoptera: pyralidae) a survey was carried out in two provinces of iran, markazi and yazd during 2004-2005. treatments were arranged in an rcbd (10 of 3 blocks) in 3 treatments of: stamen removal in all flowers, (a); stamen removal in firs...

Stamen movements can be understood as a mechanism influencing pollen presentation and increasing outbreeding success of hermaphroditic flowers via optimized male function. In this study we experimentally analyzed the factors regulating autonomous and thigmonastic (triggered by flower visitors) stamen movements in eight species of Loasaceae. Both types of stamen movements are positively influenc...

Precise coordination between stamen and pistil development is essential to make a fertile flower. Mutations impairing stamen filament elongation, pollen maturation, or anther dehiscence will cause male sterility. Deficiency in plant hormone gibberellin (GA) causes male sterility due to accumulation of DELLA proteins, and GA triggers DELLA degradation to promote stamen development. Deficiency in...

Stamens are the plant male reproductive organs essential for plant fertility. Proper development of stamens is modulated by environmental cues and endogenous hormone signals. Deficiencies in biosynthesis or perception of the phytohormone jasmonate (JA) attenuate stamen development, disrupt male fertility, and abolish seed production in Arabidopsis thaliana. This study revealed that JA-mediated ...

The Arabidopsis thaliana floral homeotic gene AGAMOUS (AG) plays a central role in reproductive organ (stamen and carpel) development. AG RNA is expressed in the center of floral primordia from a time prior to the initiation of stamen and carpel primordia until late in flower development. While early AG expression acts in specification of stamens and carpels, the role, if any, of continued AG e...

The stamen produces pollen grains for pollination in higher plants. Coordinated development of four microsporangia in the stamen is essential for normal fertility. The roles of miR165/166-directed pathways in the establishment of adaxial-abaxial polarity have been well defined in leaves. However, the molecular mechanism underlying the adaxial-abaxial polarity of the stamen is elusive. Here it i...

Identifying the genes regulated by the floral homeotic genes APETALA3 (AP3) and PISTILLATA (PI) is crucial for understanding the molecular mechanisms that lead to petal and stamen formation. We have used microarray analysis to conduct a broad survey of genes whose expression is affected by AP3 and PI activity. DNA microarrays consisting of 9216 Arabidopsis ESTs were screened with probes corresp...

Establishment of adaxial-abaxial polarity is essential for lateral organ development. The mechanisms underlying the polarity establishment in the stamen remain unclear, whereas those in the leaf are well understood. Here, we investigated a rod-like lemma (rol) mutant of rice (Oryza sativa), in which the development of the stamen and lemma is severely compromised. We found that the rod-like stru...