This article discusses the stagnation of an evolutionary optimization algorithm called Differential Evolution. Stagnation problem refers to a situation in which the optimum seeking process stagnates before finding a globally optimal solution. Typically, stagnation occurs virtually without any obvious reason. The stagnation differs from the premature convergence so that the population remains di...

An aerobic Lactobacillus plantarum culture displayed growth stagnation during early growth. Transcriptome analysis revealed that resumption of growth after stagnation correlated with activation of CO(2)-producing pathways, suggesting that a limiting CO(2) concentration induced the stagnation. Analogously, increasing the CO(2) gas partial pressure during aerobic fermentation prevented the tempor...

The qi stagnation constitution is associated with depression in traditional Chinese medicine. It is unclear how rumination and stressful life events affect the relationship between the qi stagnation constitution and depression. The Qi Stagnation Constitution Scale, Ruminative Response Scale, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, and Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Checklist were...

This paper examines the phenomenon of real-income stagnation (in which realincome growth is negligible or negative for a sizable uninterrupted sequence of years). It analyzes data for four decades from a large cross-section of countries. Real income stagnation is a conceptually distinct phenomenon from low average growth and other features of the growth sequence that have been held to be of int...

We consider stagnation point flow away from a wall for creeping flow of dilute polymer solutions. For a simplified flow geometry, we explicitly show that a narrow region of strong polymer extension (a birefringent strand) forms downstream of the stagnation point in the UCM model and extensions, like the FENE-P model. These strands are associated with the existence of an essential singularity in...

BACKGROUND Traditional Chinese medicine stagnation ("yu") syndrome is characterized by a cluster of mind/body obstruction-like symptoms. Previous studies have operationalized the concept as a psychological construct through scale development, producing a three-factor 16-item inventory with good psychometric properties. PURPOSE The study aimed to further validate the Stagnation Scale by confir...

Various factors that can effect thermal blooming in stagnation zone situations are examined, including stagnation-zone motion, longitudinal air motion in the neighborhood of the stagnation zone, and the effects o f scenario noncoplanarity. O f these effects, only the last offers reasonable hope o f reducing the strong thermal blooming that normally accompanies stagnation zones; in particular, n...

PURPOSE This study assesses whether the stagnation of old-age (80+) mortality decline observed in The Netherlands in the 1980s continued in the 1990s and determines which factors contributed to this stagnation. Emphasis is on the role of smoking. DESIGN AND METHODS Poisson regression analysis with linear splines was applied to total and cause-specific mortality data by age, year of death (195...