in this paper, a model based on gmdh type neural network, is used to predict gas price in the spot market while using oil spot market price, gas spot market price, gas future market price, oil future market price and average temperature of the weather. the results suggest that gmdh neural network model, according to the root mean squared error (rmse) and direction statistics (dstat) statistics ...

This research examines whether precious metals futures serve as a price discovery vehicle for spot market movement. The spot price serves as a price discovery tool for silver. The co-integration test shows that silver, futures and spot prices are co-integrated and there exists one co-integration equation. The Granger causality test shows that there is no bi-causal relationship between futures a...

futures contract is one of the most important derivatives that is used in financial markets in all over the world to buy or sell an asset or commodity in the future. pricing of this tool depends on expected price of asset or commodity at the maturity date. according to this, theoretical futures pricing models try to find this expected price in order to use in the futures contract. so in this ar...

Futures contract is one of the most important derivatives that is used in financial markets in all over the world to buy or sell an asset or commodity in the future. Pricing of this tool depends on expected price of asset or commodity at the maturity date. According to this, theoretical futures pricing models try to find this expected price in order to use in the futures contract. So in this ar...

Derivatives are alternative financial instruments which extend traders opportunities to achieve some financial goals. They are risk management instruments that are related to a data in the future, and also they react to uncertain prices. Study on pricing futures can provide useful tools to understand the stochastic behavior of prices to manage the risk of price volatility. Thus, this study eval...

Employing the dataset of WTI oil spot price and stock price index in China Brazil, India, US, German, France, UK and Japan, this paper obtains five subinterval of whole sample range through a nonparametric multiple change point algorithms. Furthermore, it analyses dependence between oil spot price and stock price index through copula model and computes the value of VaR and ES based on simulatio...

Basis = price of hedged asset-price of hedging instrument problem of basis risk: uncertainties of processes describing the evolution of prices of asset and hedging instrument not identical, only highly correlated Example 1: weather derivatives hedged asset: heating oil sales, hedging instrument: HDD derivative HDD derivative: contract paying a premium in case HDD above a critical threshold Exam...

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud (EC2) is a web service that provides secure, re-sizable compute capacity in the cloud. It is designed to make web-scale cloud computing for developers. There are three different ways of pricing for Amazon EC2 instances: On-demand, Reserved instances, and Spot instances. Spot instances provide users with access to unused Amazon EC2 capacity at high discounts relative...

Capacity reservation contracts and spot markets are two alternative purchasing practices. We focus on the cost-effective management of the combined use of these two procurement sources. Due to the variability of the spot market prices and demand uncertainty, the flexibility of combined sourcing can be advantageous. Spot market purchasing is a benefit in case of low spot market prices or insuffi...