marketers apply a variety of approaches to attract customers and gain more profits. one method is the utilization of nostalgia marketing. the use of nostalgic sport characters has not been sufficiently studied. this research determined the reliability and validity of the questionnaires presented in the studies evoked nostalgia by pascal et al. (2002), familiarity with nostalgic character by mey...

Background. Nowadays, One of the factors affecting the social network advertising is the numbers or frequencies of sending an advertisement.  Objectives. the objective of this study was to investigate the role of the Target Audience Rating Point factor in social network advertising in brand awareness and purchase intention of sport brands. Methods. This quasi-experimental study was conducted ...

Estimate the amount of alcohol advertising in sport vs. non-sport programming in Australian free-to-air TV and identify children's viewing audience composition at different times of the day. Alcohol advertising and TV viewing audience data were purchased for free-to-air sport and non-sport TV in Australia for 2012. We counted alcohol advertisements in sport and non-sport TV in daytime (6 am-8.2...

INTRODUCTION AND AIMS Exposure to alcohol advertising is associated with greater alcohol consumption in children and adolescents, and alcohol advertising is common in Australian sport. We examine child, adolescent and young adult exposure to alcohol advertising during three televised sports in Australia: Australian Football League (AFL), cricket and the National Rugby League (NRL). METHODS Al...

The MELISA system is a distributed platform for multi-platform sports content broadcasting, providing end users with a wide range of real-time interactive services during the sport event, such as statistics, visual aids or enhancements, betting, and userand context-specific advertisements. In this paper, we present the revamped design of the complete system and the implementation of a middlewar...

Abstract. The player of squash has a choice between two options when his/her opponent changes the score from 8:7 to 8:8. The player to receive has to decide whether to play until 9th or until 10th point. We observe in this paper that the score of the squash game can be modelled as a Markov chain. Thus using standard techniques of Markov processes, we can derive the optimal strategy for the squa...

The idea that sport and physical activity empower women is common, perpetuated by sources as diverse as the popular media and feminist scholars. But not only is empowerment a notoriously under-theorised concept, it is especially problematic when applied to physical activity. While sport may appear to endow power (by helping women increase their confidence and self-esteem), organised physical ac...