Selection for spirodiclofen resistance was done in the laboratory with a susceptible strain of the citrus red mite, Panonychus citri (McGregor). Successive selections for spirodiclofen resistance through 42 generations resulted in a high level of resistance and the resistance ratio at LC50 was 103 compared with that of the original susceptible strain. In the selected strain, the level of resist...

Twenty spirodiclofen analogues have been designed and conveniently synthesized via three steps including esterification, one-pot heterocyclization, and acylation reactions. The target molecules have been identified on the basis of analytical spectra (H NMR, C NMR and ESI-MS) data. All newly synthesized compounds have been screened for their potential insecticidal and herbicidal activity by stan...

the ladybird beetle, hippodamia variegata (goeze) (coleoptera: coccinellidae) is one of the most important natural enemies of the common pistachio psylla, agonoscena pistaciae burckhardt and lauterer (hemiptera: psyllidae). the effects of hexaflumuron and spirodiclofen were investigated on development and carbohydrates and total lipid contents of 4th instar larvae of h. variegata. the insectici...

In the Integrated Pest Management of Tetranychus urticae, it is important to use microbiological control agents and acaricides with differing modes action in order reduce risk resistance, so often reported for this mite. This study evaluates effect etoxazole, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen their compatibility Beauveria bassiana on eggs larvae T. urticae. For etoxazole regression lines from Probit ...

With the development of plasma-activated water (PAW) technology, its applications in fields food, agriculture, and biomedicine are becoming increasingly widespread. PAW has sterilization, pesticide residue reduction, anti-cancer, blood clotting functions. Traditional methods for degradation include home processing, baking freeze-drying, UV treatment; however, they generally suffer from poor eff...

Spirodiclofen is characterized by a relatively slow acaricidal action against adult females of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae), with reduction their fecundity (eggs laid/female) and fertility hatched/female). Exposure pre-ovipositing T. to acaricide may affect population growth, considering that high reproduction young crucial in biology this coloniz...

the effects of three doses of spirodiclofen sc 240 in comparison with three registered ‎acaricides on citrus rust mite in western part of mazandaran province during period of 2003-‎‎2004 studied. the bcr design was used to assign four replications of seven treatments ‎‎(spirodiclofen sc 240 at doses 0.1, 0.18 and 0.27 millilitre in 1000cc water, fenproximate, ‎pyridaben, abamectin) including an...