this study intended to develop a model describing speaking strategies for efl learners by taking into account the effects of learners’ gender and proficiency on the application of strategies. accordingly, this study was planned to have two main analyses, namely qualitative and quantitative. in this respect, 30 efl learners' viewpoints were sought, and then, based on the elicited responses, a 21...

the present research was an attempt to provide new evidence for the efficacy of task-based techniques to speaking proficiency development. the primary focus of the study was to investigate the effects of task-based techniques on speaking proficiency development. in the second place, it tried to scrutinize the effect of gender on speaking proficiency development under task-based principles of la...

This study intended to develop a model describing speaking strategies for EFL learners by taking into account the effects of learners’ gender and proficiency on the application of strategies. Accordingly, this study was planned to have two main analyses, namely qualitative and quantitative. In this respect, 30 EFL learners' viewpoints were sought, and then, based on the elicited responses, a 21...

background: although it is usually recommended that children begin care after their second or third year, some employed parents have to enroll their children in childcare from under the age of 6 months in iran. regardless of when children enter care parents and experts are concern about how childcare affects children’s language, social and intellectual development. the aim of this study was to ...

Although lexis research (e.g., Lewis, 1997; Taguchi, 2008) has already evidenced the possibility of teaching formulaic sequences (FS), further research is still needed to examine the procedures or frameworks through which the approach can be applied and probe the second or foreign language (L2) areas where it demonstrates more relevance. This pretest-posttest quasi-experimental study aimed, fir...

While learners’ ability to speak academic language develops over time in content-based programs, the development of their nonacademic language appears to lag behind. Students’ speaking in content-based (CB) classrooms is confined to an academic discourse style. In the researchers’ point of view, the gap of less amount of nonacademic speaking can be bridged by the application of the conceptual f...

Role-plays provide students with the opportunity to demonstrate how to use English in real life situations and make them focus more on communication than on grammar. Oral presentations like conversations are a great way for students to practice their English skills. Therefore, this paper makes an attempt to investigate whether teaching conversation through role play affects the students’ speaki...