We consider the problem of measurement of optical transverse profile parameters and their conjugate variable. Using multimode analysis, we introduce the concept of detection noise modes. For Gaussian beams, displacement and tilt are a pair of transverse-profile conjugate variables. We experimentally demonstrate the optimal encoding and detection of these variables with a spatial homodyning sche...

The concept of variable spatial resolution implies varying sized units at a given resolution level. The choise of the shape is a special matter. The square is particular handy if the process of creating the blocks of varying size is one of the decomposing space from a general level to more detail. For example, a polygon can be successively approximated by sets of blocks at different levels: If ...

spatial autocorrelation (sa) is the correlations of the observed data of an area in the form of spatial pattern. the criterion of sa phenomenon occurrence is when the distribution of one observed variable value follows a particular pattern systematically. the sa analysis is most useful and an important tool for investigating the spatial database, this analysis not only itself gives useful infor...

We consider a spatial generalized linear latent variable model with and without normality distributional assumption on the latent variables. When the latent variables are assumed to be multivariate normal, we apply a Laplace approximation. To relax the assumption of marginal normality in favor of a mixture of normals, we construct a multivariate density with Gaussian spatial dependence and give...

environmental kuznets curve (ekc) is one of the known concepts in environmental economics developed dramatically over the last twenty years ago. one of the advances in studying the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality is concerning the spatial autocorrelation of ecological phenomena. the rationale behind spatial environmental kuznets curve (sekc) is similar to ekc incl...

spatial patterns of soil fertility parameters, and other extrinsic factors need to be iden-tified to develop farming practices that match agricultural inputs with local crop needs. little is known about the spatial structure of yield and weed density across fields. in this study, geostatistics was used to describe and map spatial patterns of soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available ...

Background The SAturation-recovery single-SHot Acquisition (SASHA) T1 mapping sequence has excellent accuracy independent of T1, T2, heart rate, and flip angle [1], which are known dependencies of the more commonly used MOdified Look-Locker Inversion-recovery (MOLLI) sequence. However, SASHA has a greater T1 variability (poorer precision) compared to MOLLI. A two-parameter fit, with assumed ide...