background & importance: primary hemifacial spasm is usually caused by microvascular compression of the facial nerve at its root exit zone at brainstem without any space-occupying pathology. secondary or so-called symptomatic hemifacial spasm has an additional underlying pathology e.g. tumors leading to the microvascular compression. we review and discuss the pathophysiology and the literature ...

dobutamine stress echocardiography (dse) has been widely used as a diagnostic and prognostic modality in the management of stress. dse is associated with limited complications and adverse effects on the health of patients. in this case report, we described a 42-year-old female patient with dobutamine-induced coronary artery spasm with history of exertional dyspnea, which had deteriorated recent...

BACKGROUND We reported less provoked spasm in the left circumflex artery (LCX) by acetylcholine testing compared with the left anterior descending artery (LAD) and right coronary artery (RCA), so we investigated the clinical characteristics of provoked spasm in the LCX by ergonovine (ER) testing.Methods and Results:We retrospectively analyzed 1,185 consecutive cases of intracoronary ER testing ...

objective: infantile spasm is an age dependent ant myoclonic seizure which occurs in 25 per 100,000 live births. we aimed to investigate effect of intravenous methypredinsolone pulse on the infantile spasm in patients hospitalized in 17 shahrivar hospital, rasht. materials and methods: this is an observational case series which was conducted on 20 infants with infantile spasms hospitalized in 1...

BACKGROUND Radial artery spasm is a common hinderance during transradial approaches for neuroangiography. Ways of alleviation have been described, including patient sedation, local lidocaine, or even prophylactic administration intra‐arterial vasodilators. METHODS We present case wedged catheter attributable to radial spasm, which failed all conventional methods relieve spasm. RESULTS The was u...

As pharmacological spasm provocation tests, acetylcholine (ACh) [1-3] and ergonovine (ER) [4,5] are employed in the cardiac catheterization laboratory. However, we often encounter the major and minor complications during performing these procedures. As a diagnostic tool, we should perform spasm provocation tests more safely without major complications. Multiple and proximal spasm documented by ...

Background & Importance: Primary hemifacial spasm is usually caused by microvascular compression of the facial nerve at its root exit zone at brainstem without any space-occupying pathology. Secondary or so-called symptomatic hemifacial spasm has an additional underlying pathology e.g. tumors leading to the microvascular compression. We review and discuss the pathophysiology and the literature ...

Infantile spasm is an age-related refractory epilepsy. Topiramate is a new anticonvulsant with multiple mechanisms of action, and it may be effective for treating pediatric epilepsies. To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of first-line topiramate treatment for infantile spasm, 20 patients received topiramate monotherapy during this study. They were treated with an initial dose of 1mg/kg/da...