the space environment consists mainly of high-energy charged particles, such as protons, electrons and heavy ions. they are originating from several sources including galactic cosmic radiation, solar flares and van allen belts. high energy electromagnetic radiation and neutrons have also been measured on spacecraft. although shielding can reduce the effect of space radiation it cannot be elimin...

in this paper, a new method was proposed for the navigation of a mobile robot in an unknown dynamic environment. the robot could detect only a limited radius of its surrounding with its sensors and it went on the shortest null space (sns) toward the goal. in the case of no obstacle, sns was a direct path from the robot to goal; however, in the presence of obstacles, sns was a space around the r...

many epidemiological studies have found that people living in environments with more green space report better physical and mental health than those with less green space. however, the association between visits to green space and mental health has seldom been studied. the environment surrounding residences and its recreational and commuting opportunities are believed to affect human health and...