Online computer museums have large educational, cultural and aesthetic significance. They promote preservation of our historical and cultural heritage. Edward Proydakov‟s Virtual Computer Museum launched in 1997 (http://www.computer-museum.ru) is the most representative and professional one in Russia. The unique feature of this project is active participation of outstanding scientists, engineer...

Iran's relation with one of the largest countries, that is, Russia (The Soviet Union) has under gone many changes. One of the brilliant examples of the changing policies of Russia towards Iran is, no doubt, the years 1941 to 1953. In this period, most of graceful communist parties' rise and fall is making relations between Iran and Russia. Tudeh party, Ferghe Democrate Azerbaijan and Ferghe Dem...

This article discusses the works of some Soviet scholars of psychology, their theoretical positions, and the times within which their works were developed. Dominant representations of Soviet psychology and some of the main Soviet authors are revisited in the light of a blending of facts actively associated with their emergence in both Soviet and Western psychology. From the beginning, Soviet ps...

The fall of Soviet Union and independence of republics of central Asia as well as South Caucasus have brought both chances and challenges for Iran. At first it seemed that Muslim republics, which broke from Soviet Union, might have brought great chances for Iran to promote her ideological claims and economic interests. Dreams of Islamic revolution in new independent central Asian republics invo...

The Caucasus has seen numerous crises since the region gained independence following the collapse of the Soviet Union. Some of these crises have not been resolved yet as evidenced by recent Russia-Georgia conflict. This paper seeks to analyze such crises within the framework of significant geopolitical changes unfolded by the collapse of the Soviet Union. The author argues that in the post-Sovi...

A comprehensive framework is developed and applied to estimate the economic costs incurred by the Soviet Union in acquiring, maintaining, and expanding its empire. The terms "empire" and "costs" are explicitly defined. Between 1971 and 1980, the average ratio between empire costs and Soviet gross national product was about 3.5 percent; as a ratio to Soviet military spending, empire costs averag...

geopolitical imagination, by definition, is the competition between powers in forming individuals’, institutions’ and political factors’ perception of the characteristics and contents of geographical space, on the basis of their intended interests. in this article, as a case study, the us perception of the :union: of soviet socialist republics during the cold war era is analysed. the authors ar...

a. Since World War II, the Soviet Union has represented the principal threat to the national security interests of the US. During this period, the military capability of the Soviet Armed Forces grew enormously. Starting in the later years of the 1980's, the international security environment has undergone rapid, fundamental, and revolutionary changes. The Soviet Union has disintegrated with the...

1 In his book, Men From Earth , Buzz Aldrin provides a broad overview of space history leading up to his moon landing on Apollo 11. The book begins with the launch of the first V-2 rocket by Werhner von Braun’s German rocket team at Peenemunde and progresses systematically through both the American and Soviet space missions. In contrast to many of the astronaut autobiographies, Aldrin’s book is...

Foreword As the other major spacefaring nation, the Soviet Union is a subject of interest to the American people and Congress in their deliberations concerning the future of U.S. space activities. In the course of an assessment of Civilian Space Stations, the Office of Technology Assessment (OTA) has undertaken a study of the presence of Soviets in space and their Salyut space stations, in orde...