(III) from (I) and of 21-norpregnan-20-als (IV) from (II) (Brooks & Norymberski, 1953). The last conversion was presumed; it is now established by the isolation of 3,-hydroxy-21-norpregn-5-en-20-al (VI) (as its acetate) from the reaction of pregn-5ene-3f:20fl:21-triol (V) with sodium bismuthate. Reduction with borohydride followed by oxidation with sodium bismuthate was expected to convert 20:2...

Forty patients with duodenal ulcer were randomly allocated to treatment with either tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate tablets or cimetidine for six weeks. Endoscopically confirmed healing of the ulcer occurred in 80% treated with tripotassium dicitrato bismuthate tablets and in 85% treated with cimetidine. Symptomatic improvement was also similar in the two groups. Treatment with cimetidine was...

An efficient sodium bismuthate (NaBiO3) synthesis of biologically active spiro[4H-pyran]derivatives has been accomplished via one-pot three-condensation of isatin/acenaphthequinone, malononitrile and different reagents including 1,3-dicrbonyl compounds, α-naphthol and 4-hydroxycumarin under solvent-free conditions. The notable advantages of the present procedure are: eco-friendly, environmental...

The determination of urinary corticosteroids by their conversion to 17-ketosteroids (17-KS) on treatment of urine with sodium bismuthate has been recently reported (Norymberski, 1952; Norymberski, Stubbs, and West, 1953). The group of corticosteroids thus determined has been termed 17-ketogenic steroids (17-KGS). The interest in this method shown by colleagues from other laboratories prompts us...