The period of the “socialist project” occupied biggest part 20th century. Hugescale social experiments have greatly shaped present-day city’s appearance. second half century evidenced an unprecedented volume housing and industrial technologies in house construction design. Most us, today’s citizens, live neighborhoods houses built during socialist era.Belgrade Split, Sverdlovsk, Sevastopol, Mag...

justice demonstrates in behavior of any person with another person and in government behavior with the people of the society. social justice is a kind of justice that expresses this concept in society. selecting the slogan of justice from modernity1 by marxism caused the social justice be the main idea in the governance of communist cities. the idea that it is different concept based of marxist...

While the literature emphasizes the ‘global spread’ of gated communities, the physical form of gating exists in the history for a long time. The gate and walls can at least date back to the walled city when the city was used for military defence. Even in the socialist period when egalitarianism was the predominant ideology, enclosed workunit compounds were widely built. However, gating was not ...

Research on the post-socialist city remains weakly connected to global urban debates. This contribution argues that a comparative research agenda can help overcome its isolation and engage with theory (rather than simply supplying case studies for such). New urbanism suggests mechanistic, “genetic” comparisons may fail offer new avenues research, while “generative” involve cities from across gl...

The concept of a socialist city took shape in keen struggle between supporters the idea garden and adherents social city. Every movement has an officially recognized founder, its own philosophy program. confrontation concepts Soviet architecture acquired irreconcilable uncompromising character. But to what extent are these movements really antagonistic?
 issue is considered on basis both h...

With the fall of the Socialist block in 1989, the Cuban national economy collapsed, followed by a severe scarcity in gasoline, materials and especially food. Of Alamar, a New Town socialist housing project under construction in East Havana, only the areas dedicated to dwelling were finished, leaving the neighbourhood without a defined public space or economic centre. Due to the limited transpor...

“There is to be a parade and mass meeting of the Socialist Labor Party tonight. The leaders are opposed to the expression of pro-Spanish sentiments, and say so. But here a difficulty comes in. Socialists are opposed to the theory of nationality and national sentiment. They do not believe that you should fight for your country, because the nation is not a unit recognized by them. A Socialist of ...

One of the first Special Economic Zones in an opening China, Shenzhen municipality is a “globalizing” socialist city. Shenzhen’s integration with the global economy has led to a diversifying local economy and a rapidly growing society with various planning problems. This paper maps out the modernization experiment of Shenzhen, focusing on the evolution of the planning rhetoric and the urban dev...