The present study attempts to analyze Iraq war against Iran based on Parsons' subsystems. The main question aims at finding the social positive/negative functions of the war. According to the studies, the first effect of the war was damaging behavioral organism subsystem so that it couldn't realize its functions. Subsequently, the chaos spread to the personality subsystem. Except for the qualit...

Crowdsourcing is an effective and powerful tool for firms to solve practical issues and develop innovative products, but the relationship between risks and performance in crowdsourcing has received insufficient attention. Based on a dataset of 163 samples from China, social subsystem risk is empirically found to negatively influence crowdsourcing performance, whereas technical subsystem risk af...

Unaffected first-degree relatives of individuals with schizophrenia (i.e., those at familial high-risk [FHR]), demonstrate social dysfunction qualitatively similar though less severe than that of their affected relatives. These social difficulties may be the consequence of genetically conferred disruption to aspects of the default mode network (DMN), such as the dMPFC subsystem, which overlaps ...

skopos theory ,as a functionalist approach, has made a notable switch from a lingusitic oriented to a more sociocultural concept of translation. initially proposed by vermeer, skopos theory framework has been applied by several researchers in their attempts to defend translators’ dignity and social status. yet; as far as the authors are concerned, no researcher has ever employed sociological th...

Iranian bread production methods are often unsanitary, in the last decades, different attempts were made to mechanize production of Iranian breads, but a few of them, due to a variety of factors, could succeed. The aim of this study is to examine various factors affecting the system of bread production in Iran and to provide effective solutions for the development of mechanized bakeries as the ...

Offshore information systems (IS) project team structures are often treated as given in extant IS research and there is little insight about what criteria should be used to structure these teams. In this study we sought to understand how IS project risks shape the structure of project teams in offshoring. Drawing on the IS project risk literature, we predicted that social and technical subsyste...

Urbanization has become a key part of social and economic progress in the 21st Century, but achieving healthy and safe urban development has a long way to go for many developed and developing countries. Urbanization has been recognized as a complex ecosystem which is affected by economic, social, and ecological factors. With this in mind, this paper looks at many factors to first evaluate based...

Usual management theories focus on phenomenological aspects of organisations and management. Abstract communication systems theory offers a different approach, which can be used to analyze social systems, uncover their internal logic and structure, and to understand their interactions with other social systems. We show in this paper how to apply the abstract communications systems approach to m...