talking about paganism (jāhiliyya) is in fact a discourse about a procedure that is not limited to a specific time, since paganism is a social mode (disposition), which can appear in any time and space and has its own characteristics, goals, and standards; a reality that the holy qur’ān, the sunna of the prophet (s.a.w.), as well as the researchers’ inquiries have emphasized. the holy qur’ān ha...

The moral ambit understood in the generic sense, as that which is opposed to the amoral has an identical extension to that of the ambit of freedom. Private life as well as professional, economic, and political life are equally moral realities. Together with personal ethics there also exist professional ethics, economic ethics, social ethics, and political ethics. Here, we will not discuss the d...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS The social gradient in smoking is well known, with higher rates among those in less advantaged socioeconomic position. Some recent research has reported that personality characteristics partly explain this gradient. However, the majority of existing work is limited by cross-sectional designs unsuitable to determine whether differences in conscientiousness are a predictor or ...

BACKGROUND Very preterm children have increased risk for social-emotional problems. This study examined relationships between early social-emotional difficulties and later social-emotional problems, and whether this differed by group (very preterm or term). METHODS Participants were 189 children born less than 30 weeks gestation or less than 1,250 g at birth and 78 term-born children. Parent-...