Human trafficking and smuggling of migrants are criminal activities, which are on the rise over recent years. The number of legal migrants arrived in Europe from outside the European Union are far less than those who want to come and settle in Europe. The objective of this paper is to present the impact on economic and social life of significant measures influencing the smuggling of migrants. T...

Introduction Since the inauguration of modern, general equilibrium analysis of smuggling by Bhagwati and Hansen (1973), the standard framework for analysis has been some version of the Hecksher-Ohlin-Samuelson (HOS) model. Moreover, with the notable exception of Sheikh (1974), the standard framework depicts smuggling as an activity that uses no domestic resources. In this article we alter the s...

Based on unique empirical data, including interviews with smugglers of radiological materials and the investigators who track them, this article discusses nuclear smuggling trends in the former Soviet republic of Georgia. Smuggling in Georgia mainly involves opportunist smugglers and amateurs, as opposed to professional criminals and terrorists; however, this does not mean that radiological smu...

This chapter reviews several issues related to the smuggling of cigarettes and other tobacco products. First, the health and other consequences of cigarette smuggling are described, emphasizing the potential for cigarette smuggling to undermine tobaccocontrol efforts. This is followed by a description of the various legal, quasi-legal, and illegal activities that are broadly described as smuggl...

I use an instrumental variable approach to estimate the effect of excise taxes on cigarette smuggling. The IV approach addresses the potential endogeneity of excise taxes while controlling for other determinants of smuggling. I use panel data on 47 states from 19902009. The main results confirm the validity of the instrument, the percent of Democrats in the upper house of state legislatures, bu...

OBJECTIVE To analyse cigarette smuggling practices in central and eastern Africa. METHODS Primary data were gathered during long-term qualitative field research in which about 400 interviews were conducted. Analysis of secondary sources included academic literature and reports from non-government organisations, multilateral organisations and the press. RESULTS Our research suggests that the...

Cigarette smuggling, now on the increase, is so widespread and well organised that it poses a serious threat to public health. This threat comes from two principal directions. First, smuggling makes cigarettes available cheaply, thereby increasing consumption. A third of annual global exports go to the contraband market, representing an enormous impact on consumption, and thus causing an increa...

I develop here a fuller version of the model of smuggling displacement from Section 2 of the paper "Can Enforcement Backfire? Crime Displacement in the Context of Customs Reform in the Philippines." I assume a general form for the convex cost of smuggling, and account for the endogeneity of the volume imported by each firm. The basic conclusion–that a targeted increase in enforcement can raise ...

The EU anti-migrant smuggling operation in the Mediterranean sea – known as ‘EUNAVFOR Med’ or ‘Operation Sophia’ – is now entering its operational phase, aimed at boarding and seizing on the high seas vessels suspected of being used for human smuggling and trafficking. This follows a first phase of intelligence gathering on smuggling networks and is intended to precede operations due to take pl...