The notion of smooth biproximity space  where $delta_1,delta_2$ are gradation proximities defined by Ghanim et al. [10]. In this paper, we show every smooth biproximity space $(X,delta_1,delta_2)$ induces a supra smooth proximity space $delta_{12}$ finer than $delta_1$ and $delta_2$. We study the relationship between $(X,delta_{12})$ and the $FP^*$-separation axioms which had been introduced by...

ketotifen is a benzocycloheptathiophene with a range of pharmacological activities. the present study was carried out to evaluate the action of ketotifen on isolated rat bladder contractions induced by kci and acetylcholine, compared with the effects of other drugs. ketotifen (5 µm) reduced the response to acetylcholine on rat isolated bladder without altering the maximum response and shifted t...

introduction: we did this study because there were a few studies about aorto-branch junction. methods: four light microscope and electron microscope study, the abdominal aorta, renal artery, and the adjoining right and left renal arteries were dissected out from 4 neonate dogs. results: based on the results, there is only one cell type in the tunica intima of endothelium in both arteries. in ab...

objective(s): thyroid hormones play an essential role in fetal growth and maternal hypo-thyroidism which leads to cardiovascular deficiency in their offspring.  considering this, we intended to investigate the impact of gestational hypothyroidism on offspring vascular contractibility and possible underlying mechanisms. materials and methods: hypothyroidism was induced in female rats by administ...

saffron, crocus sativus l. (c. sativus) is rich in carotenoids and used in traditional medicine for treatment of various conditions such as coughs, stomach disorders, amenorrhea, asthma and cardiovascular disorders. these therapeutic effects of the plant are suggested to be due to its relaxant effect on smooth muscles. the effect of c. sativus and its constituents on different smooth muscles an...

‎in this paper‎, ‎we introduce the structure of a groupoid associated to a vector field‎ ‎on a smooth manifold‎. ‎we show that in the case of the $1$-dimensional manifolds‎, ‎our‎ ‎groupoid has a‎ ‎smooth structure such that makes it into a lie groupoid‎. ‎using this approach‎, ‎we associated to‎ ‎every vector field an equivalence‎ ‎relation on the lie algebra of all vector fields on the smooth...

Crocin, a component of saffron, showed hypotensive which is perhaps due to vascular smooth muscle relaxant effect. The relaxant effects of saffron on tracheal smooth muscle also could be due to its constituent, crocin. In the present study, the relaxant effects of crocin and its possible mechanisms on rat tracheal smooth muscle were investigated. The relaxant effects of three cumulative concent...