autologous bone is considered the first choice as material of cranioplasty because of its biological and anatomical features. however in some situations such as skull fractures or tumors the bone flap is not available or it must be replaced with a heterologous cranioplasty because of the development of surgical complications. authors of this study aimed to identify which are the best materials ...

introduction: skull-based osteomyelitis is bony infection which generally originates from inadequately treated chronic infection, adjoining tissue infection or after trauma.case: 11 month female child had a trivial fall while standing near a bucket. the child developed fracture of right clavicle and left orbital swelling which was inadequately treated. this resulted in in spread of infection to...

localization of brain lesions and prevention of damage to vital structures are important in operation of brain pathologies. despite development of many techniques including angiography, mri, sonography, and frame base stereotaxy, a more accurate localizing technique is still needed (1, 2). a step forward to achieve this goal is to develop a navigation system. in this manuscript, we explained so...

skull metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma, specially as the first presentation is very rare. we report a case with a history of head trauma in bam earthquake and craniotomy due to lytic tumor of the skull, presented with upper gastrointestinal symptoms which hepatocellular carcinoma with skull metastasis was revealed .the patient was infected with hepatitis b virus without cirrhosis.

chondroma is a benign tumor which mostly occurs in extremities but also sometimes in brain. most intracranial chondromas arise from skull base, but chondroma of falx origin is a rare circumstance. indeed, the intracranial chondromas rise from falx is mostly in relation with syndromic disorders such as mafucci's syndrome or ollier's syndrome. here, we reported a rare case of falxian intracranial...

the rare form of skeletal dysplasia is thanatophoric dysplasia. the meaning for thanatophoric dysplasia is death bearing which is derived from greek word. it occurs 1in 20,000 to 50,000. it is mainly due to mutations in the fibroblast growth factor receptor 3gene. features of thanatophoric dysplasia are frontal bossing, prominent eyes, narrow thorax, protruded abdomen and bowed legs. the knowle...

forty-nine preserved specimens (31 male and 18 female) of trachylepis aurata transcaucsasica were examined with respect to metric and meristic features and dry skull anatomy to assess sexual dimorphism. thirty-one morphological characters and 36 anatomical characters in dry skulls were examined. subdigital lamellae under the forth toe, neck length, neck length/snout vent length, and six skull c...

Title Type anatomy of the brain and skull PDF anatomy of the brain and skull necklace PDF anatomy of the brain and skull model PDF anatomy of the brain and skull diagram PDF anatomy of the brain and skull layers PDF anatomy of the brain and skull anatomy PDF anatomy of the neck and skull anatomy PDF anatomy quiz on skull PDF anatomy of the neck and skull PDF anatomy of the neck and skull muscle...

introduction: osteomas are asymptomatic and rare slow growing bony tumors in temporal bone, and should be taken into account in differential diagnosis of the osteolytic solitary skull lesions. sometimes is associated with pain and functional loss. only a few cases have been reported.   case report: we describe a case of an osteoid osteoma of the temporal bone (mastoid) in a 31-year-old woman pr...