objective(s):the objective of this study was to find a stable microemulsion vehicle for transdermal delivery of ibuprofen to improve the skin permeability. materials and methods: microemulsion was prepared using different sorts of oils, surfactants and co-surfactants. pseudo-ternary phase diagrams were used to evaluate the microemulsion domain. the effects of oleic acid and surfactant mixture o...

Abstract: Minoxidil, a pyrimidine derivative (2, 4-diamino-6-piperidinopyrimidine-3-oxide) is the only topical medical treatment with proven efficacy for the treatment of Androgenetic alopecia that shown low skin penetration and bioavailability. The main aim of this research was to investigate the effect of some permeation enhancers on the in vitro skin permeability of minoxidil . Minoxid...

introduction: sonophoresis has been assessed as a novel approach to create skin permeability and drug delivery using low frequencies of ultrasound waves in the range of 20 khz to 3 mhz. in this study, a system including seven 40 khz piezoelectric transducers and an insulin chamber designed by the medical physics research center has been evaluated on hyperglycemic rabbits. materials and methods:...

Octyl methoxycinnamate is one of the ingredients in sunscreen products. The main aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different enhancers of in vitro skin permeability of Octyl methoxycinnamate. Octyl methoxycinnamate permeability parameters were evaluated through the whole skin of the rat with and without chemical enhancers including eucalyptus oil, urea, menthol and olive ...

Skin permeability is widely considered to be mechanistically implicated in chemically-induced skin sensitization. Although many chemicals have been identified as skin sensitizers, there have been very few reports analyzing the relationships between molecular structure and skin permeability of sensitizers and non-sensitizers. The goals of this study were to: (i) compile, curate, and integrate th...

Magainin antimicrobial peptide has been shown to increase skin permeability by perturbing stratum corneum lipids in the skin. In this study, we hypothesized that skin permeation enhancement depends on peptide structure. We therefore measured skin permeability enhancement by modified magainin derivitives and 20 different antimicrobial peptides in a formulation containing ethanol and N-lauroyl sa...

materials and methods liposomes were prepared by thin film method using soya lecithin and cholesterol. physicochemical characteristics of the liposomes such as, particle size, drug encapsulation efficiency were determined. also, drug release and in vitro skin permeability through rat skin were evaluated using franz diffusion cells. results the results showed that the maximum drug encapsulation ...

the topical delivery of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) such as ibuprofen has been explored as a potential method of avoiding the first pass effects and the gastric irritation, which may occur when used orally. ibuprofen is formulated into many topical preparations to reduce the adverse effects and simultaneously avoid the hepatic first-pass metabolism as well. however, it is dif...

The SonoPrep(R) ultrasonic skin permeation system is used clinically to increase skin permeability for rapid, noninvasive delivery of local anaesthetics. This study tested the hypothesis that sonication can generate a long-lived increase of skin permeability for continuous transdermal drug delivery and diagnostic metabolite extraction. To accomplish this, the volar forearm skin of ten healthy a...

objective (s): transdermal preparations for testosterone are becoming popular because of their unique advantages such as avoidance of first-pass effect, convenience, improved bioavailability, and reduction of systemic side effects. a novel testosterone transdermal delivery system (tdds) was developed using a palm oil base called hamintm (a commercial product) and tested using in vitro and in vi...