Robert M. Hartwell, in his path-breaking article on the transformation from the eighth to the sixteenth century, defined this transition as the demise and re-absorption of “a semihereditary professional bureaucratic elite” into “a multitude of local elite gentry families,” which it had hitherto coexisted with. Since Hartwell maintained that those local gentry elites had dominated the local scen...

Scholars once eagerly claimed that 1 Kgs 4:7–19 contains historical information and represents a reliable source of on David Solomon’s administrative system. However, with the idea great United Monarchy becoming controversial since 1990s, some pivotal studies have proposed new dates for this list’s composition, ranging from 10th, mid-ninth, early eighth, mid-seventh centuries BCE to even post-e...

by Major C. A. Sprawsoh, i.m.s. Eighth Edition. London : J. & A. Churchill, 1916. This book lias been familiar to many people in India since it was first written by Sir William Moore, i.m.s., in 1872. The seventh edition was brought out in 1903 by Lieut.-Col. J. Tull Walsh, and now the eighth edition has been entrusted to Major 0. A. Sprawson, i.m.s., the Professor of Medicine in the Lucknow Me...


 This article examines the historical representation of Jinshin Rebellion as a foundational event in Nihon shoki and other eighth-century Japanese texts. Focusing on differences between two alternative stories Tenmu’s departure from Ōmi capital to Yoshino, I argue that contains traces several competing narratives are expression process: political struggles over record legitimacy early eig...