background: the aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of methadone detoxification with traditional method of gradual decrement in the abused amount of the refined opium dross (shireh) to control withdrawal syndrome in shireh-addicted patients. methods: in this study, two groups of shireh addicts were compared. the first group was treated by methadone and the second group by gradual...

Background: The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of methadone detoxification with traditional method of gradual decrement in the abused amount of the refined opium dross (Shireh) to control withdrawal syndrome in Shireh-addicted patients. Methods: In this study, two groups of Shireh addicts were compared. The first group was treated by methadone and the second group by gr...

BACKGROUND Duration of spinal anesthesia depends on the type of anesthetic agent, dosage and additive materials such as epinephrine, ephedrine and opioid. We compared the duration of spinal anesthesia with lidocaine 5% with or without epinephrine in addict and non-addict patients undergoing inferior limb fracture surgery. METHODS This single blinded randomized clinical trial was performed on ...

2002 Winstock A. Areca nut-abuse liability, dependence and public health. Addict Biol 2002; 7:133± 8. Williams S, Malik A, Chowdhury S, Chauhan S. Socio-cultural aspects of areca nut use. Addict Biol 2002;7:147± 54. Warnakulasuriya S. Areca nut use following migration and its consequences. Addict Biol 2002;7:127± 32. Trivedy CR, Craig G, Warnakulasuriya S. The oral health consequences of chewin...

Opium addiction is a common form of addiction in Middle East countries such as Iran. Recently several reports suggested some kinds of pathologic findings such as abdominal pain, nephropathy, and anemia in opium addict patients. Such pathologic findings suggest lead poisoning in the patients. In this study, the concentration of lead in 10 opium samples was evaluated. The mean concentration of le...

BACKGROUND In 1948 the first National Film Board (NFB) documentary in Canada about illegal drugs, trafficking, and addiction was produced. The documentary is titled Drug Addict, and was directed by Robert Anderson. This paper provides a socio-historical context for the documentary Drug Addict. Viewing the film through the lens of Canadian history gives readers a better context to understand the...