seven rice varieties (hassani, deilmani, sepidrod, shahpasand, saleh, neda, and irfaon215) along with their complete diallel progenies were grown in a randomized complete block design of three replications in the growing seasons of 2006 and 2007 and were evaluated for the quantitative traits of: number of days to flowering, flag leaf length, width and area, plant height, panicle length, extrusi...

In complex task domains, such as games, students may exceed their teachers. Such tasks afford diverse means to tradeoff one type of performance for another, combining task elements in novel ways to yield method variations and strategy discoveries that, if mastered, might produce large or small leaps in performance. For the researcher interested in the development of extreme expertise in the wil...

¬¬¬one of the most important limitations for selection of second crop in paddy fields in guilan is waterlogging in the second half of the year. for an evaluation of waterlogging effect (in adequate drainage) on canola yield, a lysimeter study was conducted implementing -10,-5,0 and +5 cm water level for 2,5,7 and 10 day durations at 3 plant growing stages namely: emergence, beginning of floweri...

Sustaining a plasma in a magnetron discharge requires energization of the plasma electrons. In this work, Ohmic heating of electrons outside the cathode sheath is demonstrated to be typically of the same order as sheath energization, and a simple physical explanation is given. We propose a generalized Thornton equation that includes both sheath energization and Ohmic heating of electrons. The s...

The dependence of the e€ective secondary electron yield on the potential distribution and the target materials was investigated by means of electron transport simulation in the sheath with the potential distribution calculated for the di€erent emission characteristics of Be (Zˆ 4), C (Zˆ 6), Mo (Zˆ 42) and W (Zˆ 74) as the target materials. For lower primary energy incidence the e€ective second...

The Leptothrix species, Fe-oxidizing bacteria, produce an extracellular, microtubular sheath with a complicated organic–inorganic hybrid nature. We have discovered diverse industrial functions for this material, e.g., electrode material for Li-ion batteries, catalyst enhancers, pigments, plant growth promoters, and plant protectants. To consistently obtain material with the qualitative and quan...

Cereal Chem. 77(5):535–540 Observations in 1997 indicated a significant reduction in kernel bulk density and head rice yield of rice cultivar LaGrue due to blast (Pyricularia grisea). A more detailed study on rice cultivar M202 in 1998 confirmed such observations but it also showed negative effects of blast on other physical properties of rice. Rough rice from blast-infected panicles was drier ...

Leaves of plants possessing the C4-dicarboxylic acid CO2fixation pathway (14) are characterized by outer mesophyll cells containing granal chloroplasts and inner bundle sheath cells which contain chloroplasts with varying degrees of grana development depending on the species. As judged by Hill activities and fluorescence yield, bundle sheath chloroplasts which contain few grana have less photos...

Several photochemical and spectral properties of maize (Zea mays) bundle sheath and mesophyll chloroplasts are reported that provide a better understanding of the photosynthetic apparatus of C(4) plants. The difference absorption spectrum at 298 K and the fluorescence excitation and emission spectra of chlorophyll at 298 K and 77 K provide new information on the different forms of chlorophyll a...

STUDY OBJECTIVE To assess the ability of endobronchial ultrasonography (EBUS) using a guide sheath (EBUS-GS) to diagnose peripheral pulmonary lesions. METHOD We devised a technique for EBUS-GS covering a miniature probe, and 150 lesions were evaluated in a prospective open study. In this procedure, the probe covered by a guide sheath is introduced into the lesion via the working channel of a ...