At the time of subversion and containment, power structure applies various strategies for its survival. It manages ideological anxieties employs defense mechanisms to contain dissident forces. Tragic works have potential display tensions in structure, subversive forces appliance survive. By comparing classical tragic works, it is possible reach a comparative schema monarchist structure. Hence, ...

One of the most important aspects struggle warriors and in epic works is arrogance that called by comrades before start hand-to-hand battle. It accompanied pride ancestry, race, ridicule. Ferdowsi's Shahnameh full unique has given its poet a special place with various skills, so these styles have been welcomed imitated poets after Ferdowsi. In meantime, Bahmannameh written Iranshah Ibn Abi Al-K...

ferdowsi, has beautifully described the important characters of shahnameh. with the help of psychological analysis, one can reach the hidden layers of their personality. this shows ferdowsi’s intelligence and his awareness in characterization. one of the negative and unaccepted characters of shahnameh is called shaghaad, who is rostam’s stepbrother. in his exact description of this character, f...

shah ismail established a dynasty in iran on the premises of nationality and religion. to establish national unity in iran, he announced shia as the official religion. his goal was to strengthen iranian national bonds. the presence of uzbeks in the east and ottomans in the west made it necessary that iranian people reinforce their feeling of patriotism and love for they homeland. shah ismail be...

shahnameh and the history of bal’ami are great and important literary works in iranian culture. these two works have many similarities and embody the history of iran from its beginning up to the authors’ time. the researches show that the sources and references that ferdowsi and bal’ami consulted were different. ferdowsi consulted the prose shahnameh of abou mansouri and the oral narratives; wh...

abstract bazel mashadi′s heydary attack is one of the earliest and most famous attack epics written in the twelfth century. bazel exploits the style and format of shahname in his masnavi, composed in twenty to thirty thousand verses. the poet, after chanting the praise of god, prophet and his successor (vali), verses the history of islam beginning from the prophet’s mission (be’sat) to the orde...