Design of primary settling tank has historically been done more empirically than rationally. The main reason for this is a lack of understanding of what pollutants primary settling tank are capable of removing. Inlets should be designed to dissipate the kinetic energy or velocity head of the mixed liquor. They should be able to distribute the flow equally in vertical and horizontal directions. ...

An important aspect of extraction using an organic solvent that is often ignored in many laboratory scale studies is thorough solvent recovery. Although most of the solvent can be recovered with a centrifuge, the solvent left on the ‘dry’ stream must be evaporated. A custom built pilot-scale settling tank was used to separate maize particles from ethanol extracts into water with little dilution...

It is essential to have a uniform and calm flow field for a primary settling tank with high performance. In other words reducing the kinetic energy of the flow inside the settling tank can improve significantly the efficiency of these tanks and give opportunity to particles to settle in the settling zone of the tank. So determination of the velocity magnitude in various positions can be a good ...

In order to increase the performance of a primary sedimentation tank (clarifier), it is essential to have a uniform and calm flow field. The use of suitable baffle configurations may help forming favorable flow field and increase the efficiency of the primary sedimentation tank. In order to find the proper position of a baffle in a rectangular primary sedimentation tank, computational investiga...

Methods for sizing single chamber tanks to remove different amounts of total suspended solids (TSS) have been available for some time. One method found in the literature uses the concept of upflow velocity (v) or the critical settling velocity of a particle in a tank to determine what size particles will be removed in the tank. The critical settling velocity depends on the relationship between ...

Solids removal across two settling devices, i.e., a swirl separator and a radial-flow settler, and across a microscreen drum filter was evaluated in a fully recirculating system containing a single 150 m ‘Cornell-type’ dual-drain tank during the production of food-size Arctic char and rainbow trout. The flow through the culture tank was 4500–4800 L/min. Approximately 92–93% of the system flow e...

A model of the concentrations of suspended solids (SS) in the aeration tanks and in the effluent from these during Aeration tank settling (ATS) operation is established. The model is based on simple SS mass balances, a model of the sludge settling and a simple model of how the SS concentration in the effluent from the aeration tanks depends on the actual concentrations in the tanks and the slud...