Nano-sensitizers play key roles in tumor radiotherapy several ways to overcome radioresistance and enhance radioresponse. This review summarizes the recent advances of nano-sensitizers improving cancer radiotherapy.

In this study, we aim to compare the criteria for sensitizers among national organizations in various countries and international organizations, and to specify whether each Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (PRTR)-designated chemical substance is a sensitizer by each organization. The definition of sensitizing chemicals and the designation of respective sensitizers according to the PRTR l...

INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of the insulin tolerance test (ITT) in predicting the effectiveness of insulin sensitizers in type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS We retrospectively reviewed 360 consecutive patients with type 2 diabetes admitted to Osaka University Hospital, Japan. In 163 of these hospitalized patients, insulin resistance was evaluated by the IT...

The use of animal models in chemical safety testing will be significantly limited due to the recent introduction of the 3Rs principle of animal experimentation in research. Although several in vitro assays to predict the sensitizing potential of chemicals have been developed, these methods cannot distinguish chemical respiratory sensitizers and skin sensitizers. In the present study, we describ...

Insulin resistance is the undisputed root cause of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). There is currently an unmet demand for safe and effective insulin sensitizers, owing to the restricted prescription or removal from market of certain approved insulin sensitizers, such as thiazolidinediones (TZDs), because of safety concerns. Effective insulin sensitizers without TZD-like side effects will there...

Theoretical analysis of the 2,1,3-Benzoxadiazole-5-carboxylic acid dye molecule and new designed dyes were performed using Density Functional Theory. The ground state and excited state oxidation potential as well as electron injection from dyes to TiO2 are reported. Improved light harvesting efficiency and free energy change of electron injection of new designed sensitizers reveal that these ma...

Submit Manuscript | http://medcraveonline.com efficiencies of >10% for metal free dyes, >11% for metal complex and 13% for porphyrin based sensitizers [1-6]. As sensitizers take part in the absorption of solar radiation and injection of electrons into the conduction band of semiconductors, extensive research has been focused on the design of efficient and durable sensitizers. Several dyes have ...

OBJECTIVE To examine longitudinal changes in total and appendicular lean body mass in older men with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or diabetes and to determine whether these changes differ by diabetes treatment. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS A total of 3,752 ambulatory men aged ≥ 65 years at baseline participated in a multicenter longitudinal cohort study. Baseline glycemic status was categori...

BACKGROUND Repeated exposure to certain low molecular weight (LMW) chemical compounds may result in development of allergic reactions in the skin or in the respiratory tract. In most cases, a certain LMW compound selectively sensitize the skin, giving rise to allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), or the respiratory tract, giving rise to occupational asthma (OA). To limit occurrence of allergic dis...